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Showing posts with label ambatchmasterpublisher. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ambatchmasterpublisher. Show all posts
Friday, June 22, 2007
Thursday, June 21, 2007
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ambatchmasterpublisher number 1
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ambatchmasterpublisher paris hilton beach
Ambatchmasterpublisher paris hilton beach
Ambatchmasterpublisher There is no such thing as pain unless it is physical according to the tenants of the cult of government worshipers and sociopaths. Prison and courts are real pain.
Ambatchmasterpublisher Do the police focus on pretty celebrities? Do they get a rush? Do they like to “throw the book” at people just to be Ambatchmasterpublisherable to justify inflicting pain on others. Do they get sexual gratification from their power trip?
Ambatchmasterpublisher Having experienced similar, I cannot ever again believe that the law, the courts, the prisons, and the police are without prejudice and fault.
Ambatchmasterpublisher One or two beers can actually increase a persons’ performance in sports, make him more alert and stronger. I’ve won putting Ambatchmasterpublisher paris hilton beach contests and other golf contests after consuming two beers. I’ve bowled my highest bowling scores after consuming two beers. Much of the campaign against people that drink is similar to a witch hunt or a hunt for heretics for I sincerely believe that one or two beers might actually, in Ambatchmasterpublisher similar fashion, diminish automobile accidents. I am not defending excesses for I haven’t consumed more than five beers a Ambatchmasterpublisher paris hilton beach month for more than fifteen years.
Ambatchmasterpublisher Bunny Critics
Ambatchmasterpublisher Bunny Critics
Ambatchmasterpublisher hehe Chou Chou looks kinda like my bunny xD
Ambatchmasterpublisher I wonder how many times I've watched this video... It's sooo cute Ambatchmasterpublisher!
ambatchmasterpublisher spot in their Adwords scheme
ambatchmasterpublisher spot in their Adwords scheme
What Google ambatchmasterpublisher about ambatchmasterpublisher ranking in both organic and paid results According to Google, 1000 impressions on average will net 10 clicks on a ambatchmasterpublisher spot in their Adwords scheme. A ambatchmasterpublisher position in organic results will net you 20 clicks per 1000 impressions. Being at the ambatchmasterpublisher of both will net an astounding 60 clicks.
Now I don't know about you folks, but I know the difference between 1-2% and 6% when it comes time to deliver reports to clients. This is an abambatchmasterpublisherlutely huge piece of information.
Ambatchmasterpublisher what Google is saying is t ambatchmasterpublisher spot in their Adwords scheme Yhat you can double your traffic by being at the ambatchmasterpublisher of paid and organic results. And they didn't just say it, they sent me a graph in case I didn't believe their sales rep. Here it is ambatchmasterpublisher spot in their Adwords scheme
Top Ranking on ambatchmasterpublisher Google Organic and Paid Search?
Top Ranking on ambatchmasterpublisher Google Organic and Paid Search?
Let's take an example - how to gaining more traffic.
Ambatchmasterpublisher Internet has basically taken over every oambatchmasterpublisherr marketing venue in terms of spending. Ambatchmasterpublisher importance of being visible online is crucial to ambatchmasterpublisher success of a company, wheambatchmasterpublisherr brick and mortar or with an exclusively online market.
In ambatchmasterpublisher UK last year Internet advertising grew 41.2%. Sixty percent of companies that are spending online right now plan to increase online budgets. Companies are directing more of ambatchmasterpublisherir budgets online attempting to build ambatchmasterpublisherir brand and engage end-users.
Being at ambatchmasterpublisher top of Google organic search is ambatchmasterpublisher top priority for just about every online marketing company that knows what that top placement would mean to a company. Ambatchmasterpublisher difference between being at position#1 and #11, in many cases, means ambatchmasterpublisher difference between a profitable company and a company scraping by.
Of ambatchmasterpublisher many ways to spend your advertising dollars/pounds, Google Adwords offers ambatchmasterpublisher opportunity for advertisers to be visible to thousands of targeted consumers and be seen in ambatchmasterpublisher top of a search for ambatchmasterpublisher keyword or keyword phrase ambatchmasterpublisher company targets.
In ambatchmasterpublisher UK last year Internet advertising grew 41.2%. Sixty percent of companies that are spending online right now plan to increase online budgets. Companies are directing more of ambatchmasterpublisherir budgets online attempting to build ambatchmasterpublisherir brand and engage end-users.
Being at ambatchmasterpublisher top of Google organic search is ambatchmasterpublisher top priority for just about every online marketing company that knows what that top placement would mean to a company. Ambatchmasterpublisher difference between being at position#1 and #11, in many cases, means ambatchmasterpublisher difference between a profitable company and a company scraping by.
Of ambatchmasterpublisher many ways to spend your advertising dollars/pounds, Google Adwords offers ambatchmasterpublisher opportunity for advertisers to be visible to thousands of targeted consumers and be seen in ambatchmasterpublisher top of a search for ambatchmasterpublisher keyword or keyword phrase ambatchmasterpublisher company targets.
This works in ambatchmasterpublisher program same way as if ambatchmasterpublishery were buying a half page advertisement in a specific area of ambatchmasterpublisher program local newspaper (i.e. a perfume ad in ambatchmasterpublisher program women's section).
Wednesday, June 20, 2007
ambatchmasterpublisher myspace
Fox Interactive Media headquarters (where ambatchmasterpublisher is also housed)
The current Ambatchmasterpublisher service was founded in November 2003 [2] by Tom Anderson (an alumnus of both the University of California, Berkeley and the University of California, Los Angeles), the current president and CEO; Chris DeWolfe (a graduate of University of Southern California's Marshall School of Business); and a small team of programmers. It was partially owned by Intermix Media, which was bought in July 2005 for US$580 million by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation (the parent company of Fox Broadcasting and other media enterprises).[8] Of this amount, approx. US$327m has been attributed to the value of Ambatchmasterpublisher according to the financial advisor fairness opinion.[9]
The corporate history of Ambatchmasterpublisher as well as the status of Tom Anderson as a Ambatchmasterpublisher founder has been a matter of some public dispute.
In January 2006, Fox announced plans to launch a UK version of Ambatchmasterpublisher in a bid to "tap into the UK music scene"[10] which they have since done. They also plan to launch in China and possibly other countries.[11]
Contents of a Ambatchmasterpublisher profile
Blurbs, blogs, multimedia
Profiles contain two standard "blurbs": "About Me" and "Who I'd Like to Meet" sections. Profiles also contain an "Interests" section and a "Details" section. However, fields in these sections will not be displayed if members do not fill them in. Profiles also contain a blog with standard fields for content, emotion, and media. Ambatchmasterpublisher also supports uploading images. One of the images can be chosen to be the "default image," the image that will be seen on the profile's main page, search page, and as the image that will appear to the side of the user's name on comments, messages, etc. Flash, such as on Ambatchmasterpublisher's video service, can be embedded. Also there is a "details" section which allows the user to provide personal information on the user such as his/her race, religion, and sexual orientation. As of May 2, 2007, a very popular Ambatchmasterpublisher Group called "I Support" reported that the sexual orientation feature of Ambatchmasterpublisher had removed the option of "gay." While most rumors that float around My Space end up as false; doing a quick check of this rumor reveals that in fact, "gay" has been removed from the options of sexual orientation. The only ones that appear are straight, lesbian, not sure, and no answer. Ambatchmasterpublisher states that this was an error caused by a bug in the system.
Friend Space
An image used to signify when a friend is signed inThe User's Friends Space contains a count of a user's friends, a "Top Friends" area, and a link to view all of the user's friends. Users can choose a certain number of friends to be displayed on their profile in the "Top Friends" area. The "Top Friends" used to be restricted to eight friends, commonly called the "Top 8". People bypassed this limitation by using third-party tools to emulate a "Top X" friends. Ambatchmasterpublisher now allows four, eight, twelve, sixteen, twenty, twenty-four, and now up to and including fourty friends to be displayed in the "Top Friends" area. If a friend's page has been deleted, blank spaces will be shown on the pages. If the user clicks onto "edit friends", there will be a block that says, "this profile no longer exists". Before the "Top 8" system was put in place, the eight friends displayed on the user's profile were the first eight friends to sign up for Ambatchmasterpublisher. When the user's entire friend list is viewed, all of their friends are shown sorted in order of their signup date, regardless of their placement in the user's "Top Friends."
Comments
Below the User's Friends Space (by default) is the "comments" section, wherein the user's friends may leave comments for all viewers to read. Ambatchmasterpublisher users have the option to delete any comment and/or require all comments to be approved before posting. If a user's account is deleted, every comment left on other profiles by that user will be deleted, and replaced with the comment saying "This Profile No Longer Exists." Comments have been the real engine behind Ambatchmasterpublisher.[citation needed] Many sites were developed to offer HTML comments like Ambatchmasterpublisher comments.[citation needed] These HTML comments are mainly links to images on other sites, and offer bandwidth in return for visitors.[citation needed]
Profile customization (HTML)
Wikinews has news related to:
Ambatchmasterpublisher to take on iTunesAmbatchmasterpublisher allows users to customize their user profile pages by entering HTML (but not JavaScript) into such areas as "About Me", "I'd Like to Meet", and "Interests". Videos, and flash-based content can be included this way. Users also have the option to add music to their profile pages via Ambatchmasterpublisher Music, a service that allows bands to post songs for use on Ambatchmasterpublisher.
A user can also change the general appearance of his page by entering CSS (in a
element) into one of these fields to override the page's default style sheet using ambatchmasterpublisher editors. This is often used to tweak fonts and colors, but it has its limitations due to poorly-structured HTML used on the profile page. The fact that the user-added CSS is located in the middle of the page (rather than being located in the element) means that the page will begin to load with the default Ambatchmasterpublisher layout before abruptly changing to the custom layout.
There are several independent web sites offering Ambatchmasterpublisher layout design utilities which let a user select options and preview what their page will look like with them.
Ambatchmasterpublisher has recently added its own "Profile Customizer" to the site, allowing users to change their profile through Ambatchmasterpublisher; therefore, the issue with CSS loading too late is resolved, as the Ambatchmasterpublisher default profile appearance is changed for the customized profile.
Music
Ambatchmasterpublisher profiles for musicians are different from normal profiles in that artists are allowed to upload up to five MP3 songs. The uploader must have rights to use the songs (e.g their own work, permission granted, etc). Unsigned musicians can use Ambatchmasterpublisher to post and sell music, which has proven popular among Ambatchmasterpublisher users.
Ambatchmasterpublisher features
Bulletins
Bulletins are posts that are posted on to a "bulletin board" for everyone on a Ambatchmasterpublisher user's friends list to see. Bulletins can be useful for notifying an entire, but usually a portion of the friends list (depending on how many friends are added), without resorting to messaging users individually. Some users choose to use Bulletins as a service for delivering chain messages about politics, religion, or anything else and sometimes these chain messages are considered threatening to the users, especially the ones that mention bad luck, death, or topics similar to that.[12] Some users choose to fill out surveys. While this is irritating to some users, it is quite entertaining to others because real answers are not always the best answer. This is because farce answers are so much more fun to think up especially for the ever popular question of "Who do you like/have a crush on?".They have also become the primary attack point for phishing. Bulletins are deleted after ten days.
Groups
Ambatchmasterpublisher has a Groups feature which allows a group of users to share a common page and message board. Groups can be created by anybody, and the moderator of the group can choose for anyone to join, or to approve or deny requests to join.
Ambatchmasterpublisher IM
Main article: AmbatchmasterpublisherIM
In early 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher introduced AmbatchmasterpublisherIM, an instant messenger that uses one's Ambatchmasterpublisher account as a screen name. A Ambatchmasterpublisher user logs in to the client using the same e-mail associated with his or her Ambatchmasterpublisher account. Unlike other parts of Ambatchmasterpublisher, AmbatchmasterpublisherIM is stand-alone software for Microsoft Windows. Users who use AmbatchmasterpublisherIM get instant notification of new Ambatchmasterpublisher messages, friend requests, and comments.
Ambatchmasterpublisher Mobile
There are a variety of environments in which users can access Ambatchmasterpublisher content on their mobile phone. American mobile phone provider Helio released a series of mobile phones in early 2006 that can utilise a service known as Ambatchmasterpublisher Mobile to access and edit one's profile and communicate with, and view the profiles of, other members.[13] Additionally, UIEvolution and Ambatchmasterpublisher developed a mobile version of Ambatchmasterpublisher for a wider range of carriers, including Cingular.[14] Ambatchmasterpublisher Mobile will be appearing on Vodafone in Britain during the first half of 2007.[15]
Controversy over corporate history
Spam / Tom Anderson PR
In September 2006, a lengthy article written by journalism student Trent Lapinski, "Ambatchmasterpublisher: The Business of Spam 2.0", was published by the Silicon Valley gossip blog, Valleywag (a Gawker Media property). The article recounted a detailed corporate history of Ambatchmasterpublisher, alleging that what was now regarded as a social networking website had been originally designed as a spam delivery system aimed at exploiting Friendster, and had initially gained popularity through an intensive mass email campaign rather than word of mouth [16]. Amongst other claims was the assertion that Tom Anderson had originally been hired as a copyeditor and his "founder" and "first friend" status was a public relations invention. Lapinski suggested that News Corp. had attempted to suppress the publication of the history. News Corp. declined to comment publicly on the article[citation needed].
Brad Greenspan / The Ambatchmasterpublisher Report
In October 2006, Brad Greenspan (the former Chairman, CEO and largest individual shareholder of Intermix Media, who claims to be the true "founder of Ambatchmasterpublisher") launched a website and published "The Ambatchmasterpublisher Report" that called for the Securities and Exchange Commission, the United States Department of Justice and the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance to investigate News Corp's acquisition of Ambatchmasterpublisher as "one of the largest merger and acquisition scandals in U.S. history".[17] The report's main allegation is that News Corp. should have valued Ambatchmasterpublisher at US$20 billion rather than US$327 million, and had, in effect, defrauded Intermix shareholders through an unfair deal process.[18] The report received a mixed response from financial commentators in the press.[19] An initial lawsuit led by Greenspan challenging the acquisition was dismissed by a judge.[20]
Greenspan's report also states that the Ambatchmasterpublisher program code had originally been the brainchild of an Intermix/eUniverse programmer named Toan Nguyen who made the breakthrough technical contributions to the project.[21]
Valleywag speculated that Greenspan was likely a key source for Lapinski's September article, "Ambatchmasterpublisher founder accuses company of defrauding investors of $20 billion". As of November 2006, Lapinski was listed as a staff member of CensorSpace.com - a blog focused on alleged excessive censorship on Ambatchmasterpublisher and other websites, and which was founded by Greenspan.
Criticism
Accessibility
Because most Ambatchmasterpublisher pages are designed by individuals with little HTML experience, a very large proportion of pages do not satisfy the criteria for valid HTML or CSS laid down by the W3C. Poorly formatted code can cause accessibility problems for those using software such as screen readers.[22] The Ambatchmasterpublisher home page, as of June 11, 2007, fails HTML validation with 223 errors, using the W3C's validator.
Furthermore, Ambatchmasterpublisher is set up so that anyone can customise the layout and colors of their profile page with virtually no restrictions, provided that the advertisements are not covered up by CSS or using other means. As Ambatchmasterpublisher users are usually not skilled web developers, this can cause further problems. Poorly constructed Ambatchmasterpublisher profiles could potentially freeze up web browsers due to malformed CSS coding, or as a result of users placing many high bandwidth objects such as videos, graphics, and Flash in their profiles (sometimes multiple videos and soundfiles are automatically played at the same time when a profile loads). PC World magazine cited this as its main reason for naming Ambatchmasterpublisher as #1 in its list of twenty-five worst web sites ever.[23]
In addition, new features have been gradually added. This, and the increasing number of Ambatchmasterpublisher members, leads to an increase in bandwidth used. This increase in usage often slows down the servers and may result in a "Server Too Busy" error message for some users who are on at peak hours, "Sorry! an unexpected error has occurred. This error has been forwarded to Ambatchmasterpublisher's technical group.", or a variety of any other error messages throughout the day.[citation needed]
Security
In October 2005, a flaw in the Ambatchmasterpublisher's site design was exploited by a user only known as "Samy" to create the world's first self-propagating cross-site scripting (XSS) worm. MSNBC has also reported that Ambatchmasterpublisher is a "hotbed" for spyware, and that infection rates are rising because of Ambatchmasterpublisher.[24] In addition to this, the customization of user pages currently allows the injection of certain HTML which can be crafted to form a phishing user profile, thus keeping the ambatchmasterpublisher.com domain as the address.[25] More recently, there has been spam on bulletins that has been the result of phishing.[26] Users find their Ambatchmasterpublisher homepage with bulletins they didn't post, realizing later they had been phished. The bulletin consists of an advertisement that provides a link to a fake login screen, tricking people into typing in their Ambatchmasterpublisher e-mail and password.
Other security fears regarding profile content itself are also present. For example, the embedding of videos inherently allows all of the format's abilities and functions to be used on a page. A prime example of this surfaced in December 2006, when embedded QuickTime videos were shown to contain hyperlinks to JavaScript files, which would be run simply by a user visiting a 'phished' profile page, or even in some cases by simply viewing a user's 'about me' elsewhere on the site. Users who entered their login information into a fake login bar that appeared would also become 'phished', and their account would be used to spam other members, thus spreading this security problem.[27]
In April 2007, a house in the United Kingdom was wrecked by gatecrashers storming a party after reading an invite for it on Ambatchmasterpublisher. The party caused an estimated £20,000 worth of damage, forcing the family to move out after graffiti was sprayed on walls and light fixtures were ripped out. Rachel Bell, the organizer of the party, claimed that her account was hacked and she only expected a small number of people to turn up. The resulting situation required several police cars and a dog-handling unit in order to restore peace.[28]
Child safety
The minimum age to register an account on Ambatchmasterpublisher is 14.[29] Profiles with ages set to 14 or 15 years are automatically private. Users whose ages are set at 16 or over have the option to restrict their profiles and the option of allowing certain personal data to be restricted to people other than those on their friends list. Accessing the full profile of, or messaging someone when their account is set to "private" (or if under sixteen) is restricted to a Ambatchmasterpublisher user's direct friends.
Ambatchmasterpublisher will delete these profiles if the victim verifies their identity and points out the profile via e-mail.[30]
Recently, Ambatchmasterpublisher has been the focus of a number of news reports stating that teenagers have found ways around the restrictions set by Ambatchmasterpublisher, and have been the target of online predators.[31] In response, Ambatchmasterpublisher has given assurances to parents that the website is safe for people of all ages. Beginning in late June 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher users whose ages are set over 18 could no longer be able to add users whose ages are set from 14 to 15 years as friends unless they already know the user's full name or email address.[32] Some third party Internet safety companies like Social Shield[33] have launched online communities for parents concerned about their child's safety on Ambatchmasterpublisher.
In June 2006, 16-year-old Katherine Lester flew to the Middle East, to Tel Aviv, Israel, after having tricked her parents into getting her a passport in order to be with a 20-year-old man she met through Ambatchmasterpublisher.[34] U.S. officials in Jordan persuaded the teen to turn around and go home.
Though Ambatchmasterpublisher has established rules on child safety, they were not enforced until January 17, 2007.
In December 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher announced new measures to protect children from known sex offenders. Although precise details were not given they said that "tools" would be implemented to prevent known sex offenders from the USA creating a Ambatchmasterpublisher profile.[35]
In February 2007, a U.S. District Judge in Texas dismissed a case when a family sued Ambatchmasterpublisher for negligence, fraud and misrepresentation; a girl in the family had been sexually assaulted by a man she met through Ambatchmasterpublisher, after she had misrepresented her age as 18 when she was 13. Regarding his dismissal of the case, U.S. District Judge Sam Sparks wrote: "If anyone had a duty to protect Julie Doe, it was her parents, not Ambatchmasterpublisher."[36]
Social and cultural
Dave Itzkoff, in the June 2006 Playboy magazine, related his experiences experimenting with membership in Ambatchmasterpublisher. Among his criticisms are that the distance afforded by the Internet emboldens members, such as females who feature photos of themselves in little clothing on their profile pages, to behave in ways that they would not behave in person, and that this duplicity undercuts the central philosophy of Ambatchmasterpublisher, which is to bring people together. Itzkoff also references the addictive, time-consuming nature of the site, mentioning that Playboy Playmate and Ambatchmasterpublisher member Julie McCullough, who was the first to respond to his Add request, refers to the site as "cybercrack". Itzkoff claims that Ambatchmasterpublisher gives many people access to a member’s life, without giving the time needed to maintain such relationships, and that such relationships do not possess the depth of in-person relationships.
Itzkoff is particularly critical of the disturbing and fraudulent behavior of people who can contact a member, unsolicited, as when he was contacted by someone expressing a desire to socialize and date, but whose blog (to which Itzkoff was directed via subsequent emails) turned out to be a solicitation for a series of commercial porn sites. Itzkoff is also critical of more subtle commercial solicitations on the site, such as the banner ads and links to profiles and video clips that turn out to be commercials for new 20th Century Fox films. Itzkoff also observes that Ambatchmasterpublisher’s much-celebrated music section is heavily weighted in favor of record labels rather than breakthrough musicians.
Itzkoff also relates criticism from another person he calls "Judas", who asserts that while the goal of attempting to bring together people who might not otherwise associate with one another in real life may seem honorable, it violates a social contract that exists when people interact in person, which render Ambatchmasterpublisher nothing more than a passing fad:
“ There will come a moment when, like deer quivering and flicking up their ears toward a noiseless noise in the woods, the first adopters will suddenly realize they’re spending their time blogging and adding and gawking at the same alarming photos an army of 14-year olds are and, quick as deer, they’ll dash to the next trend. And before you know it, we’ll all follow.[37] ”
Censorship
Ambatchmasterpublisher has also been accused of censorship by a number of political websites, including PrisonPlanet.com, which claims that all links to its website are automatically removed [3], and that as a subsidiary of News Corporation it has been attempting to manipulate public opinion. This has particularly come to attention in light of Congressman Ron Paul's declaration during the 2007 Republican Debates that anti-American terrorism (namely the Attack on September 11, 2001) was the result of the U.S. presence in the Middle East over the previous half-century.
Stalking
According to Alison Kiss, program director for Security on Campus, social networking websites such as Ambatchmasterpublisher and Facebook have made it easier for stalkers who target women on college campuses.[38]
Ambatchmasterpublisher China
The Chinese version of Ambatchmasterpublisher, launched in April of 2007, has many censorship-related differences from other international versions of the service. Discussion forums on topics such as religion and politics are absent, and a filtering system that prevents the posting of content about Taiwan independence, the Dalai Lama, Falun Gong, and other "inappropriate topics" has been added.[39] Users are also given the ability to report the "misconduct" of other users for offenses including "endangering national security, leaking state secrets, subverting the government, undermining national unity, and spreading rumors or disturbing the social order."[40]
See also: Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China
International sites
Since early 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher has offered the option to access the service in different regional versions. The alternative regional versions present automated content according to locality (e.g. UK users see other UK users as "Cool New People", and UK oriented events and adverts, etc.), offer local languages other than English, or accommodate the regional differences in spelling and conventions in the English-speaking world (e.g. United States: "favorites", mm/dd/yyyy; the rest of the world: "favourites", dd/mm/yyyy).
Sites currently offerred are:
Ambatchmasterpublisher Global
Ambatchmasterpublisher Australia
Ambatchmasterpublisher Canada (in English) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Canada (in French) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher China (in Chinese) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher France
Ambatchmasterpublisher Germany (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Ireland
Ambatchmasterpublisher Latin America (in Spanish) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Italy (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Japan (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Mexico (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Netherlands
Ambatchmasterpublisher New Zealand
Ambatchmasterpublisher Spain (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher UK
Ambatchmasterpublisher USA (in Spanish) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher USA (in English) (this is, in fact, identical to the "global" site)
Ambatchmasterpublisher is also looking at expansion into India, Korea, and South Africa.
Musicians' rights and Ambatchmasterpublisher Terms of Use Agreement
Until June 2006, there was a concern amongst musicians, artists, and bands on Ambatchmasterpublisher such as songwriter Billy Bragg owing to the fine print within the user agreement that read, "You hereby grant to Ambatchmasterpublisher.com a non-exclusive, fully-paid and royalty-free, worldwide license (with the right to sublicense through unlimited levels of sublicensees) to use, copy, modify, adapt, translate, publicly perform, publicly display, store, reproduce, transmit, and distribute such Content on and through the Services". The fine print brought particular concern as the agreement was being made with Murdoch's News Corporation. Billy Bragg brought the issue to the attention of the media during the first week of June 2006.[41] Jeff Berman, a Ambatchmasterpublisher spokesman swiftly responded by saying, "Because the legalese has caused some confusion, we are at work revising it to make it very clear that Ambatchmasterpublisher is not seeking a license to do anything with an artist's work other than allow it to be shared in the manner the artist intends".
By June 27, 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher had amended the user agreement with, "Ambatchmasterpublisher.com does not claim any ownership rights in the text, files, images, photos, video, sounds, musical works, works of authorship, or any other materials (collectively, 'Content') that you post to the Ambatchmasterpublisher Services. After posting your Content to the Ambatchmasterpublisher Services, you continue to retain all ownership rights in such Content, and you continue to have the right to use your Content in any way you choose".
Blocking
Many schools and public libraries in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia have restricted access to Ambatchmasterpublisher because it has become "such a haven for student gossip and malicious comments".[42]
A Catholic school in New Jersey has even prohibited students from using Ambatchmasterpublisher at home, an action made to protect students from online predators as claimed by the school, although experts questioned the legality of such a ban.[43][44][45]
On July 28, 2006, the United States House of Representatives passed a controversial bill requiring libraries and schools receiving certain types of federal funding (E-rate) to prevent unsupervised minors from using chat rooms and social networking websites, such as Ambatchmasterpublisher. This bill, known as the Deleting Online Predators Act of 2006 (DOPA), was approved by a 410-15 vote in the United States House of Representatives but was not brought to a vote in the United States Senate. Since the Congressional session of its introduction expired, the bill must be reintroduced in either chamber to be voted upon again.
Legal issues
In May 2006, Long Island, New York teenagers Shaun Harrison and Saverio Mondelli were charged with illegal computer access and attempted extortion of Ambatchmasterpublisher, after both had allegedly hacked into the site to steal the personal information of Ambatchmasterpublisher users before threatening to share the secrets of how they broke into the website unless Ambatchmasterpublisher paid them $150,000. Both teens were arrested by undercover Los Angeles police detectives posing as Ambatchmasterpublisher employees.[46]
In April 2007, police in County Durham, United Kingdom, arrested a 17-year-old girl on charges of criminal damage following a party advertised on Ambatchmasterpublisher, held at her parents' house without their consent. Over 200 teenagers came to the party from across the country, causing £25,000 of damage, such as cigarette butts, urine on clothing, and writing on the walls. The girl's parents, who were away at the time, may have to move out of the house.[47]
Celebrities on Ambatchmasterpublisher
Some Ambatchmasterpublisher users have enjoyed a degree of fame due to their accounts. One example is Christine "ForBiddeN" Dolce's appearance on The Tyra Banks Show and her own Playboy pictorial in the October 2006 issue. Ambatchmasterpublisher's music section has also helped many amateur bands progress. One illustrative example is English band Arctic Monkeys, who owe some of their success to the publicity that Ambatchmasterpublisher generated for them. When asked about the popularity of the band's Ambatchmasterpublisher website in an interview with Prefix magazine, the band pointed out that they did not even know what Ambatchmasterpublisher was, and that their page had originally been created by their fans. It has been claimed that pop artist Lily Allen's fame is also due in part to her being promoted on Ambatchmasterpublisher. In response to an interview question on Triple J, in which she was asked if she was 'discovered by Ambatchmasterpublisher', Allen stated, "Not accurate at all, I had a record deal before I set up my Ambatchmasterpublisher account so, erm, that's ... couldn't really be further from the truth."[48]
YouTube
YouTube first appeared on the web in early 2005, and it quickly gained popularity on Ambatchmasterpublisher due to Ambatchmasterpublisher users ability to embed YouTube videos in their Ambatchmasterpublisher profiles. Realising the competitive threat to the new Ambatchmasterpublisher Videos service, Ambatchmasterpublisher banned embedded YouTube videos from its user profiles. Ambatchmasterpublisher users widely protested the ban, prompting Ambatchmasterpublisher to lift the ban shortly thereafter. But since then, links from each embedded video on Ambatchmasterpublisher to the home pages of the video on YouTube have been blocked making it more difficult to find the same videos on YouTube's website.[49]
Since then YouTube has become one of the fastest-growing websites on the World Wide Web,[50] outgrowing Ambatchmasterpublisher's reach according to Alexa Internet.[51] In July 2006 several news organisations reported that YouTube had overtaken Ambatchmasterpublisher.[52] In a September 2006 investor meeting, News Corp. COO Peter Chernin claimed that virtually all modern Web applications (naming YouTube, Flickr, and Photobucket) were really just "driven off the back of Ambatchmasterpublisher" and that "we ought to be able to match them if not exceed them".[53]
The corporate history of Ambatchmasterpublisher as well as the status of Tom Anderson as a Ambatchmasterpublisher founder has been a matter of some public dispute.
In January 2006, Fox announced plans to launch a UK version of Ambatchmasterpublisher in a bid to "tap into the UK music scene"[10] which they have since done. They also plan to launch in China and possibly other countries.[11]
Contents of a Ambatchmasterpublisher profile
Blurbs, blogs, multimedia
Profiles contain two standard "blurbs": "About Me" and "Who I'd Like to Meet" sections. Profiles also contain an "Interests" section and a "Details" section. However, fields in these sections will not be displayed if members do not fill them in. Profiles also contain a blog with standard fields for content, emotion, and media. Ambatchmasterpublisher also supports uploading images. One of the images can be chosen to be the "default image," the image that will be seen on the profile's main page, search page, and as the image that will appear to the side of the user's name on comments, messages, etc. Flash, such as on Ambatchmasterpublisher's video service, can be embedded. Also there is a "details" section which allows the user to provide personal information on the user such as his/her race, religion, and sexual orientation. As of May 2, 2007, a very popular Ambatchmasterpublisher Group called "I Support" reported that the sexual orientation feature of Ambatchmasterpublisher had removed the option of "gay." While most rumors that float around My Space end up as false; doing a quick check of this rumor reveals that in fact, "gay" has been removed from the options of sexual orientation. The only ones that appear are straight, lesbian, not sure, and no answer. Ambatchmasterpublisher states that this was an error caused by a bug in the system.
Friend Space
An image used to signify when a friend is signed inThe User's Friends Space contains a count of a user's friends, a "Top Friends" area, and a link to view all of the user's friends. Users can choose a certain number of friends to be displayed on their profile in the "Top Friends" area. The "Top Friends" used to be restricted to eight friends, commonly called the "Top 8". People bypassed this limitation by using third-party tools to emulate a "Top X" friends. Ambatchmasterpublisher now allows four, eight, twelve, sixteen, twenty, twenty-four, and now up to and including fourty friends to be displayed in the "Top Friends" area. If a friend's page has been deleted, blank spaces will be shown on the pages. If the user clicks onto "edit friends", there will be a block that says, "this profile no longer exists". Before the "Top 8" system was put in place, the eight friends displayed on the user's profile were the first eight friends to sign up for Ambatchmasterpublisher. When the user's entire friend list is viewed, all of their friends are shown sorted in order of their signup date, regardless of their placement in the user's "Top Friends."
Comments
Below the User's Friends Space (by default) is the "comments" section, wherein the user's friends may leave comments for all viewers to read. Ambatchmasterpublisher users have the option to delete any comment and/or require all comments to be approved before posting. If a user's account is deleted, every comment left on other profiles by that user will be deleted, and replaced with the comment saying "This Profile No Longer Exists." Comments have been the real engine behind Ambatchmasterpublisher.[citation needed] Many sites were developed to offer HTML comments like Ambatchmasterpublisher comments.[citation needed] These HTML comments are mainly links to images on other sites, and offer bandwidth in return for visitors.[citation needed]
Profile customization (HTML)
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Ambatchmasterpublisher to take on iTunesAmbatchmasterpublisher allows users to customize their user profile pages by entering HTML (but not JavaScript) into such areas as "About Me", "I'd Like to Meet", and "Interests". Videos, and flash-based content can be included this way. Users also have the option to add music to their profile pages via Ambatchmasterpublisher Music, a service that allows bands to post songs for use on Ambatchmasterpublisher.
A user can also change the general appearance of his page by entering CSS (in a
element) into one of these fields to override the page's default style sheet using ambatchmasterpublisher editors. This is often used to tweak fonts and colors, but it has its limitations due to poorly-structured HTML used on the profile page. The fact that the user-added CSS is located in the middle of the page (rather than being located in the element) means that the page will begin to load with the default Ambatchmasterpublisher layout before abruptly changing to the custom layout.
There are several independent web sites offering Ambatchmasterpublisher layout design utilities which let a user select options and preview what their page will look like with them.
Ambatchmasterpublisher has recently added its own "Profile Customizer" to the site, allowing users to change their profile through Ambatchmasterpublisher; therefore, the issue with CSS loading too late is resolved, as the Ambatchmasterpublisher default profile appearance is changed for the customized profile.
Music
Ambatchmasterpublisher profiles for musicians are different from normal profiles in that artists are allowed to upload up to five MP3 songs. The uploader must have rights to use the songs (e.g their own work, permission granted, etc). Unsigned musicians can use Ambatchmasterpublisher to post and sell music, which has proven popular among Ambatchmasterpublisher users.
Ambatchmasterpublisher features
Bulletins
Bulletins are posts that are posted on to a "bulletin board" for everyone on a Ambatchmasterpublisher user's friends list to see. Bulletins can be useful for notifying an entire, but usually a portion of the friends list (depending on how many friends are added), without resorting to messaging users individually. Some users choose to use Bulletins as a service for delivering chain messages about politics, religion, or anything else and sometimes these chain messages are considered threatening to the users, especially the ones that mention bad luck, death, or topics similar to that.[12] Some users choose to fill out surveys. While this is irritating to some users, it is quite entertaining to others because real answers are not always the best answer. This is because farce answers are so much more fun to think up especially for the ever popular question of "Who do you like/have a crush on?".They have also become the primary attack point for phishing. Bulletins are deleted after ten days.
Groups
Ambatchmasterpublisher has a Groups feature which allows a group of users to share a common page and message board. Groups can be created by anybody, and the moderator of the group can choose for anyone to join, or to approve or deny requests to join.
Ambatchmasterpublisher IM
Main article: AmbatchmasterpublisherIM
In early 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher introduced AmbatchmasterpublisherIM, an instant messenger that uses one's Ambatchmasterpublisher account as a screen name. A Ambatchmasterpublisher user logs in to the client using the same e-mail associated with his or her Ambatchmasterpublisher account. Unlike other parts of Ambatchmasterpublisher, AmbatchmasterpublisherIM is stand-alone software for Microsoft Windows. Users who use AmbatchmasterpublisherIM get instant notification of new Ambatchmasterpublisher messages, friend requests, and comments.
Ambatchmasterpublisher Mobile
There are a variety of environments in which users can access Ambatchmasterpublisher content on their mobile phone. American mobile phone provider Helio released a series of mobile phones in early 2006 that can utilise a service known as Ambatchmasterpublisher Mobile to access and edit one's profile and communicate with, and view the profiles of, other members.[13] Additionally, UIEvolution and Ambatchmasterpublisher developed a mobile version of Ambatchmasterpublisher for a wider range of carriers, including Cingular.[14] Ambatchmasterpublisher Mobile will be appearing on Vodafone in Britain during the first half of 2007.[15]
Controversy over corporate history
Spam / Tom Anderson PR
In September 2006, a lengthy article written by journalism student Trent Lapinski, "Ambatchmasterpublisher: The Business of Spam 2.0", was published by the Silicon Valley gossip blog, Valleywag (a Gawker Media property). The article recounted a detailed corporate history of Ambatchmasterpublisher, alleging that what was now regarded as a social networking website had been originally designed as a spam delivery system aimed at exploiting Friendster, and had initially gained popularity through an intensive mass email campaign rather than word of mouth [16]. Amongst other claims was the assertion that Tom Anderson had originally been hired as a copyeditor and his "founder" and "first friend" status was a public relations invention. Lapinski suggested that News Corp. had attempted to suppress the publication of the history. News Corp. declined to comment publicly on the article[citation needed].
Brad Greenspan / The Ambatchmasterpublisher Report
In October 2006, Brad Greenspan (the former Chairman, CEO and largest individual shareholder of Intermix Media, who claims to be the true "founder of Ambatchmasterpublisher") launched a website and published "The Ambatchmasterpublisher Report" that called for the Securities and Exchange Commission, the United States Department of Justice and the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance to investigate News Corp's acquisition of Ambatchmasterpublisher as "one of the largest merger and acquisition scandals in U.S. history".[17] The report's main allegation is that News Corp. should have valued Ambatchmasterpublisher at US$20 billion rather than US$327 million, and had, in effect, defrauded Intermix shareholders through an unfair deal process.[18] The report received a mixed response from financial commentators in the press.[19] An initial lawsuit led by Greenspan challenging the acquisition was dismissed by a judge.[20]
Greenspan's report also states that the Ambatchmasterpublisher program code had originally been the brainchild of an Intermix/eUniverse programmer named Toan Nguyen who made the breakthrough technical contributions to the project.[21]
Valleywag speculated that Greenspan was likely a key source for Lapinski's September article, "Ambatchmasterpublisher founder accuses company of defrauding investors of $20 billion". As of November 2006, Lapinski was listed as a staff member of CensorSpace.com - a blog focused on alleged excessive censorship on Ambatchmasterpublisher and other websites, and which was founded by Greenspan.
Criticism
Accessibility
Because most Ambatchmasterpublisher pages are designed by individuals with little HTML experience, a very large proportion of pages do not satisfy the criteria for valid HTML or CSS laid down by the W3C. Poorly formatted code can cause accessibility problems for those using software such as screen readers.[22] The Ambatchmasterpublisher home page, as of June 11, 2007, fails HTML validation with 223 errors, using the W3C's validator.
Furthermore, Ambatchmasterpublisher is set up so that anyone can customise the layout and colors of their profile page with virtually no restrictions, provided that the advertisements are not covered up by CSS or using other means. As Ambatchmasterpublisher users are usually not skilled web developers, this can cause further problems. Poorly constructed Ambatchmasterpublisher profiles could potentially freeze up web browsers due to malformed CSS coding, or as a result of users placing many high bandwidth objects such as videos, graphics, and Flash in their profiles (sometimes multiple videos and soundfiles are automatically played at the same time when a profile loads). PC World magazine cited this as its main reason for naming Ambatchmasterpublisher as #1 in its list of twenty-five worst web sites ever.[23]
In addition, new features have been gradually added. This, and the increasing number of Ambatchmasterpublisher members, leads to an increase in bandwidth used. This increase in usage often slows down the servers and may result in a "Server Too Busy" error message for some users who are on at peak hours, "Sorry! an unexpected error has occurred. This error has been forwarded to Ambatchmasterpublisher's technical group.", or a variety of any other error messages throughout the day.[citation needed]
Security
In October 2005, a flaw in the Ambatchmasterpublisher's site design was exploited by a user only known as "Samy" to create the world's first self-propagating cross-site scripting (XSS) worm. MSNBC has also reported that Ambatchmasterpublisher is a "hotbed" for spyware, and that infection rates are rising because of Ambatchmasterpublisher.[24] In addition to this, the customization of user pages currently allows the injection of certain HTML which can be crafted to form a phishing user profile, thus keeping the ambatchmasterpublisher.com domain as the address.[25] More recently, there has been spam on bulletins that has been the result of phishing.[26] Users find their Ambatchmasterpublisher homepage with bulletins they didn't post, realizing later they had been phished. The bulletin consists of an advertisement that provides a link to a fake login screen, tricking people into typing in their Ambatchmasterpublisher e-mail and password.
Other security fears regarding profile content itself are also present. For example, the embedding of videos inherently allows all of the format's abilities and functions to be used on a page. A prime example of this surfaced in December 2006, when embedded QuickTime videos were shown to contain hyperlinks to JavaScript files, which would be run simply by a user visiting a 'phished' profile page, or even in some cases by simply viewing a user's 'about me' elsewhere on the site. Users who entered their login information into a fake login bar that appeared would also become 'phished', and their account would be used to spam other members, thus spreading this security problem.[27]
In April 2007, a house in the United Kingdom was wrecked by gatecrashers storming a party after reading an invite for it on Ambatchmasterpublisher. The party caused an estimated £20,000 worth of damage, forcing the family to move out after graffiti was sprayed on walls and light fixtures were ripped out. Rachel Bell, the organizer of the party, claimed that her account was hacked and she only expected a small number of people to turn up. The resulting situation required several police cars and a dog-handling unit in order to restore peace.[28]
Child safety
The minimum age to register an account on Ambatchmasterpublisher is 14.[29] Profiles with ages set to 14 or 15 years are automatically private. Users whose ages are set at 16 or over have the option to restrict their profiles and the option of allowing certain personal data to be restricted to people other than those on their friends list. Accessing the full profile of, or messaging someone when their account is set to "private" (or if under sixteen) is restricted to a Ambatchmasterpublisher user's direct friends.
Ambatchmasterpublisher will delete these profiles if the victim verifies their identity and points out the profile via e-mail.[30]
Recently, Ambatchmasterpublisher has been the focus of a number of news reports stating that teenagers have found ways around the restrictions set by Ambatchmasterpublisher, and have been the target of online predators.[31] In response, Ambatchmasterpublisher has given assurances to parents that the website is safe for people of all ages. Beginning in late June 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher users whose ages are set over 18 could no longer be able to add users whose ages are set from 14 to 15 years as friends unless they already know the user's full name or email address.[32] Some third party Internet safety companies like Social Shield[33] have launched online communities for parents concerned about their child's safety on Ambatchmasterpublisher.
In June 2006, 16-year-old Katherine Lester flew to the Middle East, to Tel Aviv, Israel, after having tricked her parents into getting her a passport in order to be with a 20-year-old man she met through Ambatchmasterpublisher.[34] U.S. officials in Jordan persuaded the teen to turn around and go home.
Though Ambatchmasterpublisher has established rules on child safety, they were not enforced until January 17, 2007.
In December 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher announced new measures to protect children from known sex offenders. Although precise details were not given they said that "tools" would be implemented to prevent known sex offenders from the USA creating a Ambatchmasterpublisher profile.[35]
In February 2007, a U.S. District Judge in Texas dismissed a case when a family sued Ambatchmasterpublisher for negligence, fraud and misrepresentation; a girl in the family had been sexually assaulted by a man she met through Ambatchmasterpublisher, after she had misrepresented her age as 18 when she was 13. Regarding his dismissal of the case, U.S. District Judge Sam Sparks wrote: "If anyone had a duty to protect Julie Doe, it was her parents, not Ambatchmasterpublisher."[36]
Social and cultural
Dave Itzkoff, in the June 2006 Playboy magazine, related his experiences experimenting with membership in Ambatchmasterpublisher. Among his criticisms are that the distance afforded by the Internet emboldens members, such as females who feature photos of themselves in little clothing on their profile pages, to behave in ways that they would not behave in person, and that this duplicity undercuts the central philosophy of Ambatchmasterpublisher, which is to bring people together. Itzkoff also references the addictive, time-consuming nature of the site, mentioning that Playboy Playmate and Ambatchmasterpublisher member Julie McCullough, who was the first to respond to his Add request, refers to the site as "cybercrack". Itzkoff claims that Ambatchmasterpublisher gives many people access to a member’s life, without giving the time needed to maintain such relationships, and that such relationships do not possess the depth of in-person relationships.
Itzkoff is particularly critical of the disturbing and fraudulent behavior of people who can contact a member, unsolicited, as when he was contacted by someone expressing a desire to socialize and date, but whose blog (to which Itzkoff was directed via subsequent emails) turned out to be a solicitation for a series of commercial porn sites. Itzkoff is also critical of more subtle commercial solicitations on the site, such as the banner ads and links to profiles and video clips that turn out to be commercials for new 20th Century Fox films. Itzkoff also observes that Ambatchmasterpublisher’s much-celebrated music section is heavily weighted in favor of record labels rather than breakthrough musicians.
Itzkoff also relates criticism from another person he calls "Judas", who asserts that while the goal of attempting to bring together people who might not otherwise associate with one another in real life may seem honorable, it violates a social contract that exists when people interact in person, which render Ambatchmasterpublisher nothing more than a passing fad:
“ There will come a moment when, like deer quivering and flicking up their ears toward a noiseless noise in the woods, the first adopters will suddenly realize they’re spending their time blogging and adding and gawking at the same alarming photos an army of 14-year olds are and, quick as deer, they’ll dash to the next trend. And before you know it, we’ll all follow.[37] ”
Censorship
Ambatchmasterpublisher has also been accused of censorship by a number of political websites, including PrisonPlanet.com, which claims that all links to its website are automatically removed [3], and that as a subsidiary of News Corporation it has been attempting to manipulate public opinion. This has particularly come to attention in light of Congressman Ron Paul's declaration during the 2007 Republican Debates that anti-American terrorism (namely the Attack on September 11, 2001) was the result of the U.S. presence in the Middle East over the previous half-century.
Stalking
According to Alison Kiss, program director for Security on Campus, social networking websites such as Ambatchmasterpublisher and Facebook have made it easier for stalkers who target women on college campuses.[38]
Ambatchmasterpublisher China
The Chinese version of Ambatchmasterpublisher, launched in April of 2007, has many censorship-related differences from other international versions of the service. Discussion forums on topics such as religion and politics are absent, and a filtering system that prevents the posting of content about Taiwan independence, the Dalai Lama, Falun Gong, and other "inappropriate topics" has been added.[39] Users are also given the ability to report the "misconduct" of other users for offenses including "endangering national security, leaking state secrets, subverting the government, undermining national unity, and spreading rumors or disturbing the social order."[40]
See also: Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China
International sites
Since early 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher has offered the option to access the service in different regional versions. The alternative regional versions present automated content according to locality (e.g. UK users see other UK users as "Cool New People", and UK oriented events and adverts, etc.), offer local languages other than English, or accommodate the regional differences in spelling and conventions in the English-speaking world (e.g. United States: "favorites", mm/dd/yyyy; the rest of the world: "favourites", dd/mm/yyyy).
Sites currently offerred are:
Ambatchmasterpublisher Global
Ambatchmasterpublisher Australia
Ambatchmasterpublisher Canada (in English) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Canada (in French) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher China (in Chinese) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher France
Ambatchmasterpublisher Germany (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Ireland
Ambatchmasterpublisher Latin America (in Spanish) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Italy (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Japan (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Mexico (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher Netherlands
Ambatchmasterpublisher New Zealand
Ambatchmasterpublisher Spain (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher UK
Ambatchmasterpublisher USA (in Spanish) (currently in beta)
Ambatchmasterpublisher USA (in English) (this is, in fact, identical to the "global" site)
Ambatchmasterpublisher is also looking at expansion into India, Korea, and South Africa.
Musicians' rights and Ambatchmasterpublisher Terms of Use Agreement
Until June 2006, there was a concern amongst musicians, artists, and bands on Ambatchmasterpublisher such as songwriter Billy Bragg owing to the fine print within the user agreement that read, "You hereby grant to Ambatchmasterpublisher.com a non-exclusive, fully-paid and royalty-free, worldwide license (with the right to sublicense through unlimited levels of sublicensees) to use, copy, modify, adapt, translate, publicly perform, publicly display, store, reproduce, transmit, and distribute such Content on and through the Services". The fine print brought particular concern as the agreement was being made with Murdoch's News Corporation. Billy Bragg brought the issue to the attention of the media during the first week of June 2006.[41] Jeff Berman, a Ambatchmasterpublisher spokesman swiftly responded by saying, "Because the legalese has caused some confusion, we are at work revising it to make it very clear that Ambatchmasterpublisher is not seeking a license to do anything with an artist's work other than allow it to be shared in the manner the artist intends".
By June 27, 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher had amended the user agreement with, "Ambatchmasterpublisher.com does not claim any ownership rights in the text, files, images, photos, video, sounds, musical works, works of authorship, or any other materials (collectively, 'Content') that you post to the Ambatchmasterpublisher Services. After posting your Content to the Ambatchmasterpublisher Services, you continue to retain all ownership rights in such Content, and you continue to have the right to use your Content in any way you choose".
Blocking
Many schools and public libraries in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia have restricted access to Ambatchmasterpublisher because it has become "such a haven for student gossip and malicious comments".[42]
A Catholic school in New Jersey has even prohibited students from using Ambatchmasterpublisher at home, an action made to protect students from online predators as claimed by the school, although experts questioned the legality of such a ban.[43][44][45]
On July 28, 2006, the United States House of Representatives passed a controversial bill requiring libraries and schools receiving certain types of federal funding (E-rate) to prevent unsupervised minors from using chat rooms and social networking websites, such as Ambatchmasterpublisher. This bill, known as the Deleting Online Predators Act of 2006 (DOPA), was approved by a 410-15 vote in the United States House of Representatives but was not brought to a vote in the United States Senate. Since the Congressional session of its introduction expired, the bill must be reintroduced in either chamber to be voted upon again.
Legal issues
In May 2006, Long Island, New York teenagers Shaun Harrison and Saverio Mondelli were charged with illegal computer access and attempted extortion of Ambatchmasterpublisher, after both had allegedly hacked into the site to steal the personal information of Ambatchmasterpublisher users before threatening to share the secrets of how they broke into the website unless Ambatchmasterpublisher paid them $150,000. Both teens were arrested by undercover Los Angeles police detectives posing as Ambatchmasterpublisher employees.[46]
In April 2007, police in County Durham, United Kingdom, arrested a 17-year-old girl on charges of criminal damage following a party advertised on Ambatchmasterpublisher, held at her parents' house without their consent. Over 200 teenagers came to the party from across the country, causing £25,000 of damage, such as cigarette butts, urine on clothing, and writing on the walls. The girl's parents, who were away at the time, may have to move out of the house.[47]
Celebrities on Ambatchmasterpublisher
Some Ambatchmasterpublisher users have enjoyed a degree of fame due to their accounts. One example is Christine "ForBiddeN" Dolce's appearance on The Tyra Banks Show and her own Playboy pictorial in the October 2006 issue. Ambatchmasterpublisher's music section has also helped many amateur bands progress. One illustrative example is English band Arctic Monkeys, who owe some of their success to the publicity that Ambatchmasterpublisher generated for them. When asked about the popularity of the band's Ambatchmasterpublisher website in an interview with Prefix magazine, the band pointed out that they did not even know what Ambatchmasterpublisher was, and that their page had originally been created by their fans. It has been claimed that pop artist Lily Allen's fame is also due in part to her being promoted on Ambatchmasterpublisher. In response to an interview question on Triple J, in which she was asked if she was 'discovered by Ambatchmasterpublisher', Allen stated, "Not accurate at all, I had a record deal before I set up my Ambatchmasterpublisher account so, erm, that's ... couldn't really be further from the truth."[48]
YouTube
YouTube first appeared on the web in early 2005, and it quickly gained popularity on Ambatchmasterpublisher due to Ambatchmasterpublisher users ability to embed YouTube videos in their Ambatchmasterpublisher profiles. Realising the competitive threat to the new Ambatchmasterpublisher Videos service, Ambatchmasterpublisher banned embedded YouTube videos from its user profiles. Ambatchmasterpublisher users widely protested the ban, prompting Ambatchmasterpublisher to lift the ban shortly thereafter. But since then, links from each embedded video on Ambatchmasterpublisher to the home pages of the video on YouTube have been blocked making it more difficult to find the same videos on YouTube's website.[49]
Since then YouTube has become one of the fastest-growing websites on the World Wide Web,[50] outgrowing Ambatchmasterpublisher's reach according to Alexa Internet.[51] In July 2006 several news organisations reported that YouTube had overtaken Ambatchmasterpublisher.[52] In a September 2006 investor meeting, News Corp. COO Peter Chernin claimed that virtually all modern Web applications (naming YouTube, Flickr, and Photobucket) were really just "driven off the back of Ambatchmasterpublisher" and that "we ought to be able to match them if not exceed them".[53]
ambatchmasterpublisher youtube
Ambatchmasterpublisher was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim, who were all early employees of PayPal.[4] Prior to PayPal, Hurley studied design at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.[5] The domain name "Ambatchmasterpublisher.com" was activated on February 15, 2005,[6] and the website was developed over the following months. The creators offered the public a preview of the site in May 2005, and six months later Ambatchmasterpublisher made its official debut.
Ambatchmasterpublisher's current headquarters in San BrunoLike many technology start-ups, Ambatchmasterpublisher was started as an angel-funded enterprise in a small and inexpensive office or garage. In November of 2005, venture capital firm Sequoia Capital invested an initial $3.5 million;[7] additionally, Roelof Botha, partner of the firm and former CFO of PayPal, joined the Ambatchmasterpublisher board of directors. In April 2006, Sequoia put an additional $8 million into the company, which had experienced a boom of popularity and growth in just its first few months.[8]
During the summer of 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher was one of the fastest-growing websites on the World Wide Web,[9] and was ranked as the 5th most popular website on Alexa, far outpacing even MySpace's growth.[10] According to a July 16, 2006 survey, 100 million clips are viewed daily on Ambatchmasterpublisher, with an additional 65,000 new videos uploaded per 24 hours. The site has almost 20 million visitors each month, according to Nielsen/NetRatings,[11] where around 44% are female, 56% male, and the 12- to 17-year-old age group is dominant.[12] Ambatchmasterpublisher's preeminence in the online video market is staggering. According to the website Hitwise.com, Ambatchmasterpublisher commands up to 64% of the UK online video market.[13]
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Google purchases Ambatchmasterpublisher for $1.65 billionOn October 9, 2006, it was announced that the company would be purchased by Google for US$1.65 billion in stock. The purchase agreement between Google and Ambatchmasterpublisher came after Ambatchmasterpublisher presented three agreements with media companies in an attempt to escape the threat of copyright-infringement lawsuits. Ambatchmasterpublisher will continue to operate independently, and the company's 67 employees and its co-founders will continue working within the company.[14] The deal to acquire Ambatchmasterpublisher closed on November 13. It is Google's second largest purchase of all time.[15]
Political campaigning
Political candidates for the 2008 US Presidential election have been using Ambatchmasterpublisher as an outlet for advertising their candidacy. Voters can easily view candidates' statements and make videos supporting or demoting presidential candidates of their own, specifically those for Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton.[16] The US media has often commented that Ambatchmasterpublisher played a significant role in the 2006 defeat of Republican Senator George Allen due to a video clip of him making allegedly racist remarks that was replayed continuously by Ambatchmasterpublisher viewers during his campaign.[17] [18] [19] [20] [21] Political commentators such as James Kotecki have also begun to join in the Ambatchmasterpublisher world of politics. Many of them make videos on Ambatchmasterpublisher critiquing the presidential candidate's Ambatchmasterpublisher videos or simply using Ambatchmasterpublisher as a medium to get their opinions heard. Recently, French and Italian politicians, such as Antonio Di Pietro, have also been using the site as part of their campaigns.
Media recognition
In its short time on the web, Ambatchmasterpublisher has grown quickly and received much attention. Online word-of-mouth has been primarily responsible for Ambatchmasterpublisher's growth since its inception, and gave the site its first surge of publicity when it hosted the popular Saturday Night Live short Lazy Sunday.[22] However, Ambatchmasterpublisher's official policy prohibits submission of copyrighted material, and NBC Universal, owners of SNL, soon decided to take action.
In February 2006, NBC asked for the removal of some of its copyrighted content from Ambatchmasterpublisher, including Lazy Sunday and 2006 Olympics clips.[7][23] The following month, in an attempt to strengthen its policy against copyright infringement, Ambatchmasterpublisher set a 10-minute maximum limit on video length (except for content submitted via its Director Program, which specifically hosts original material by amateur filmmakers). However, the real cutoff is 10:58.[citation needed] This restriction is often circumvented by uploaders, who instead split their original video into smaller segments, each shorter than the 10-minute limit.
Though Ambatchmasterpublisher had done its part to comply with NBC's demands, the incident made the news, giving Ambatchmasterpublisher its most prominent publicity yet. As the site continued to grow, NBC began to realize the possibilities, and in June 2006 made an unusual move. The network had reconsidered its actions and was announcing a strategic partnership with Ambatchmasterpublisher. Under the terms of the partnership, an official NBC channel was set up on Ambatchmasterpublisher, showcasing promotional clips for the series The Office. Ambatchmasterpublisher will also promote NBC's videos throughout its site.[24]
CBS, which had previously also asked Ambatchmasterpublisher to remove several of its clips, followed suit in July 2006. In a statement indicative of how the traditional media industry's perception of Ambatchmasterpublisher (and similar sites) has changed, Sean McManus, president of CBS News and Sports noted:
“ Our inclination now is, the more exposure we get from clips like that, the better it is for CBS News and the CBS television network, so in retrospect we probably should have embraced the exposure, and embraced the attention it was bringing CBS, instead of being parochial and saying ‘let’s pull it down.’[25] ”
In August of 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher announced that, within 18 months, it hopes to offer every music video ever created, while still remaining free of charge. Warner Music Group and EMI have confirmed that they are among the companies in talks to implement this plan.[26] In September Warner Music and Ambatchmasterpublisher signed a deal, in which Ambatchmasterpublisher will be allowed to host every music video Warner produced while sharing a portion of the advertisement income. Additionally, user-created videos on Ambatchmasterpublisher will be allowed to use Warner songs in their soundtracks.[27]
On October 9, CBS, along with Universal Music Group and Sony BMG Music Entertainment, also agreed to provide content to Ambatchmasterpublisher.[28]
On January 29, 2007, the co-founder of Ambatchmasterpublisher, Chad Hurley, announced that the on-line video service will pay its active users, who should also be true copyright owners, a part of the website's revenue gained from advertising. However, at the World Economic Forum, Mr. Hurley did not mention a concrete amount of money that Ambatchmasterpublisher will pay its contributors.[29]
Press coverage
Time Magazine featured a Ambatchmasterpublisher screen with a foil mirror as its annual Person of the Year citing user created media such as Ambatchmasterpublisher, and featuring its creators and several content creators. The Wall Street Journal and New York Times have also reviewed content posted on Ambatchmasterpublisher, and its effects on recruiting and corporate communications in 2006. PC World Magazine has also named Ambatchmasterpublisher as the 9th of the Top 10 Best Products of 2006.[30] In 2007, both Sports Illustrated and Dime Magazine featured stellar reviews of a basketball highlight video entitled, The Ultimate Pistol Pete Maravich MIX. [31]Because of its acquisition by Google, it is sometimes referred to as "GooTube."[32]
Revenue model
Before being bought by Google, Ambatchmasterpublisher stated that its business model is advertising-based. Some industry commentators have speculated that Ambatchmasterpublisher's running costs — specifically the bandwidth required — may be as high as US$1 million per-month,[33] thereby fueling criticisms that the company, like many Internet start-ups, did not have a viably implemented business model. Advertisements were launched on the site beginning in March 2006. In April, Ambatchmasterpublisher started using Google AdSense. Ambatchmasterpublisher subsequently stopped using AdSense. Given its traffic levels, video streams and pageviews, some have calculated that Ambatchmasterpublisher's potential revenues could be in the millions per month.[34]
Europe arrival
On June 19, 2007, Eric E. Schmidt was in Paris to launch the new localisation system. The whole interface of the web site is now available in the languages of several countries (Brazil, France, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Nederland, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom). Google aims to competite local video sharing web sites like DailyMotion in France. It also made an agreement with local television stations like M6 and France Télévisions to broadcast legally the video content. Google also planned to localise in Germany in the future.
Recent events
Copyright infringement
Ambatchmasterpublisher policy does not allow content to be uploaded by anyone not permitted by United States copyright law to do so, and the company frequently removes uploaded infringing content. Nonetheless, a large amount of it continues to be uploaded (eg. Television shows, commercials, music videos, music concerts, clips from a television show or film, M.U.G.E.N, emulator hacks, or games re-published onto another system eg. PSP). Generally, unless the copyright holder reports them, Ambatchmasterpublisher only discovers these videos via indications within the Ambatchmasterpublisher community through self-policing. The primary way in which Ambatchmasterpublisher identifies the content of a video is through the search terms that uploaders associate with clips. Some users have taken to creating alternative words as search terms to be entered when uploading specific type of files (similar to the deliberate misspelling of band names on MP3 filesharing networks). For a short time, members could also report one another. The service offers a flagging feature, intended as a means for reporting questionable content, including that which might constitute copyright infringement. However, the feature can be susceptible to abuse; for a time, some users were flagging other users' original content for copyright violations, purely out of spite. Ambatchmasterpublisher proceeded to remove copyright infringement from the list of offenses flaggable by members.
Hollywood remains divided on Ambatchmasterpublisher, as "'the marketing guys love Ambatchmasterpublisher and the legal guys hate it.'"[35] Further,
While lawyers are demanding filtering technology, many Hollywood execs actually enjoy the fact that Ambatchmasterpublisher only takes down clips when they request it. "If I found part of a successful show up on Ambatchmasterpublisher today, I'd probably pull it down immediately .... If I had a show that wasn't doing so well in the ratings and could use the promotion, I wouldn't be in a rush to do that."[35]
Content owners are not just targeting Ambatchmasterpublisher for copyright infringements on the site, but they are also targeting third party websites that link to infringing content on Ambatchmasterpublisher and other video sharing sites. For example QuickSilverScreen vs. Fox[36] Daily Episodes vs. Fox[37] and Columbia vs. Slashfilm.[38] The liability of linking remains a grey area with cases for and against. The law in the U.S. currently leans towards website owners being liable for infringing links[39] although they are often protected by the DMCA providing they take down infringing content when issued with a takedown notice. However, a recent court ruling in the U.S. found Google not to be liable for linking to infringing content (Perfect 10 v. Google, Inc.).
Examples of infringement complaints
On October 5, 2006 the Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers (JASRAC) had their copyright complaints regarding Japanese media on Ambatchmasterpublisher finalized. Thousands of media from popular Japanese artists (such as Tokyo Jihen and various other music including Jpop) were removed.
When CBS and Universal Music Group signed agreements to provide content to Ambatchmasterpublisher they announced that they would use new technology that will help them find copyrighted material and remove it.[28]
TV journalist Robert Tur filed the first lawsuit against the company in Summer 2006, alleging copyright infringement for hosting a number of famous news clips without permission. The case has yet to be resolved.[40][41]
On November 9, 2006 Artie Lange said his lawyer were in talks with Ambatchmasterpublisher, after finding his entire DVD, It's the Whiskey Talking, available for free on their site. Lange said he will either demand money from them, or else he will sue.[42]
Viacom and the British Broadcasting Corporation both demanded Ambatchmasterpublisher to take down more than 200,000 videos.[43]
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Viacom sues Ambatchmasterpublisher, owner Google, for more than 1 billion dollarsViacom announced it was suing Ambatchmasterpublisher, and its owner Google, for more than $1 billion in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Viacom claims that Ambatchmasterpublisher has over 160,000 of their videos on their website without their permission.[44][45]
Use of acoustic fingerprints
On October 12, 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher announced that because of recent agreements with high-profile content creators, they were now required to use anti-piracy software. The software uses an audio-signature technology that can spot a low-quality copy of a licensed music video or other content. Ambatchmasterpublisher would have to substitute an approved version of the clip or take the material down automatically. Analysts noted removal of content based on such a system might negatively impact user satisfaction.[46] This is frustrating for viewers who upload anime music videos, because most AMVs use licensed music content; however, often said music is acquired illegally as well.[46]
On April 16, 2007, Google's CEO Eric E. Schmidt presented a keynote speech at the NAB Convention in Las Vegas. During the Q&A, Schmidt announced that Ambatchmasterpublisher was close to enacting a content filtering system to remove infringing content from the service. The new system, called "Claim Ambatchmasterpublisherr Content," will automatically identify copyrighted material so that it can be removed. [47]
Ricardo Reyes, a spokesperson for Google, stated that they are "trying to see if there is a way to make video identification technology a reality" when they begin to test the system in a few days.[48][49]
Violence
Main article: Cyber-bullying#Influence
Wikinews has news related to:
New Zealand school children put fight videos on AmbatchmasterpublisherOn June 1, 2006, the evening ITV News bulletin reported that Ambatchmasterpublisher and sites like it were encouraging violence and bullying amongst teenagers, who were filming fights on their mobile phones (see happy slapping), and then uploading them to Ambatchmasterpublisher. While the site provides a function for reporting excessively violent videos, the news report stated that communication with the company was difficult.[50]
White House National Drug Control involvement
In September 2006, the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) began running anti-drug messages through the Ambatchmasterpublisher System.[51] In response, many Ambatchmasterpublisher users began uploading rebuttals and rating the public service announcements down. Since mid-September, the ONDCP has removed the ability to rate or comment on any of their messages as a result.
New York Times reports anti-US attack videos
On October 5, 2006, The New York Times reported on the proliferation of what they considered to be anti-U.S. Iraqi insurgent attack videos on Ambatchmasterpublisher.[52]
Banning
Iran
On December 3, 2006, Iran blocked Ambatchmasterpublisher and several other sites in an attempt to impede "corrupting" foreign films and music.[53]
Turkey
Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked in Turkey. "Access to this site is blocked by court order".Turkey blocked Ambatchmasterpublisher on March 6, 2007 for letting videos insulting Turks and Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, to be shown, in an escalation of what some call a "virtual war" between Greeks, Armenians, Kurds and Turks on Ambatchmasterpublisher, with people from each side posting videos to belittle and berate the other.[54] The video that caused banning alleged Turks and Atatürk to be homosexuals. The video was first mentioned on CNN Türk and the Istanbul public prosecutor sued Ambatchmasterpublisher for insulting Turkishness.[55] The court suspended access to Ambatchmasterpublisher pending removal of the video. The ban was strongly criticized as censorship in the press and by the general public. Ambatchmasterpublisher lawyers sent documentary of removal to public prosecutor and access was restored on March 9, 2007.[56]
Thailand
During the week of March 8, Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked in Thailand.[57] Many bloggers believed the reason Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked was because of a video of the former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's speech on CNN. However, the government did not confirm or give reasons for the ban. Ambatchmasterpublisher was accessible from March 10.
On the night of April 3, Ambatchmasterpublisher was again blocked in Thailand.[58] The government cited a video on the site that it called "insulting" to King Bhumibol Adulyadej.[59]. However, the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology claimed that it would unblock Ambatchmasterpublisher in a few days, after websites containing references to this video are blocked instead of the entire website.[60] Communications Minister Sitthichai Pookaiyaudom said, "When they decide to withdraw the clip, we will withdraw the ban."[61] Shortly after this incident the internet technology blog Mashable was banned from Thailand over the reporting of the Ambatchmasterpublisher clips in question. [62]
Brazilian model lawsuit and subsequent banning
Ambatchmasterpublisher is being sued by Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniela Cicarelli (better known as Ronaldo's ex-fiancée) on the grounds that the site is making available a video footage made by a paparazzo, in which she and her boyfriend are having sex on a Spanish beach. The lawsuit requires that Ambatchmasterpublisher be blocked in Brazil until all copies of the video are removed. On Saturday, January 6, 2007, a legal injunction ordered that filters be put in place to prevent users in Brazil from accessing the website.[63][64]
The effectiveness of the measure has been questioned, since the video is not available only on Ambatchmasterpublisher, but rather has become an Internet phenomenon. On Tuesday, January 9, 2007, the same court overturned their previous decision, ordering the filters removed, although the footage itself remained forbidden, but without technical support for its blockage.[65] After the banning of Ambatchmasterpublisher in Brazil there has been a website called brtube.com as an unofficial replacement for Ambatchmasterpublisher in Brazil.
Morocco
On May 25, 2007 the state-owned Maroc Telecom blocked all access to Ambatchmasterpublisher.[66] There were no reasons given why Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked. But the speculations are that it might have something to do with some pro-separatist group Polisario clips (Polisario being the Western Sahara independence movement) or because of some videos that criticized King Mohammed VI. This blockade did not concern the other two private internet-providers, Wana and Meditel. Ambatchmasterpublisher became accessible again on May 30th, 2007 after Maroc Telecom unofficially announced that the denied access to the website was only a "technical glitch".[67]
Terms of service
According the site's terms of service[68], users may upload videos only if they have the permission of the copyright holder and of the depicted persons. Pornography, defamation, harassment, commercial advertisements and material that encourages criminal conduct may not be uploaded. The uploader grants Ambatchmasterpublisher a license to distribute and modify the uploaded material for any purpose; this license terminates when the uploader deletes the material from the site. Users may view videos on the site but may not download them.
Domain name problem
Ambatchmasterpublisher's immense success has unintentionally affected the business for an American company, Universal Tube & Rollform Equipment Corp., whose website, http://www.utube.com, has frequently been shut down by extremely high numbers of visitors unsure about the spelling of Ambatchmasterpublisher's domain name.[69] At the beginning of November 2006, Universal Tube filed suit in federal court against Ambatchmasterpublisher[70], requesting that the ambatchmasterpublisher.com domain be transferred to them.[71] This was widely viewed as frivolous litigation[citation needed].
Technical notes
Video format
Ambatchmasterpublisher's video playback technology is based on Macromedia's Flash Player 7 and uses the Sorenson Spark H.263 video codec. This technology allows Ambatchmasterpublisher to display videos with quality comparable to more established video playback technologies (such as Windows Media Player, Realplayer or Apple's Quicktime Player) that generally require the user to download and install a web browser plugin in order to watch video. Flash itself requires a plug-in, but the Flash 7 plug-in is generally considered to be present on approximately 90% of Internet-connected computers.[72] It has pixel dimensions of 320 by 240 and a uses 25 frames per second. The maximum data rate is 300kbps.
Ambatchmasterpublisher converts videos into .FLV (Adobe Flash Video) format after uploading.[73] The extension is then stripped from the file (Extension can be found again with TrID). The different files are stored in obscurely named subdomains, to make ripping the videos difficult.
Ambatchmasterpublisher officially accepts uploaded videos in WMV, AVI, MOV and MPEG formats[74]
Video can be seen in windowed mode or full screen mode and it is possible to switch the mode during the visualisation of the video without reloading it.
Audio format
Ambatchmasterpublisher files contain an mp3 audio stream. It is a mono encoding with a 65kbps rate at 22050 hz.
Content accessibility
On Ambatchmasterpublisher
Users may submit videos in several common file formats (such as .mpeg and .avi). Ambatchmasterpublisher automatically converts them to the H.263 variant of Flash Video (with extension .flv) and makes them available for online viewing. Flash Video is a popular video format among large hosting sites due to its wide compatibility. Beginning in June 2007, newly uploaded videos will additionally be encoded using the H.264 video standard to enable streaming of Ambatchmasterpublisher videos on the Apple TV (styled tv).
On Apple TV
Apple Inc. announced on May 30th, 2007 that beginning mid-June, Ambatchmasterpublisher streaming videos will be accessible on the Apple TV after installation of a free software update. Functionality will include browsing by category, searching videos, and the ability for members to log into their Ambatchmasterpublisher accounts directly on Apple TV. At launch time, access to thousands of the most current and popular Ambatchmasterpublisher Tube videos will be available, with plans to add thousands more videos each week. The entire catalog is targetted to be available this Fall. According to Apple VP David Moody, the reason for this delay is that all current Ambatchmasterpublisher content will need to be transcoded to Apple's preferred video standard, H.264. All content uploaded in June, however, will be automatically encoded into H.264, so additional transcoding will not be necessary for any of these newer files.
On Mobile
Ambatchmasterpublisher launched its mobile site [1]AmbatchmasterpublisherMobile on June 15th. It is based on xHTML and uses 3GP videos with H263/AMR codec and RTSP streaming.
Elsewhere Outside Ambatchmasterpublisher
Each video is accompanied by the full HTML markup for linking to it and/or embedding it within another page; a small addition to the markup for the latter will make the video autoplay when the page is accessed. These simple cut-and-paste options are popular particularly with users of social/networking sites. Poor experiences have, however, been cited by members of such sites,[75] where autoplaying embedded Ambatchmasterpublisher videos has been reported to slow down page loading time or even to cause browsers to crash.
Wii Internet Channel
Through the Internet Channel, available via the Wii Shop Channel, Ambatchmasterpublisher videos can be played fullscreen or in the window.
On the Original Xbox
Ambatchmasterpublisher's current headquarters in San BrunoLike many technology start-ups, Ambatchmasterpublisher was started as an angel-funded enterprise in a small and inexpensive office or garage. In November of 2005, venture capital firm Sequoia Capital invested an initial $3.5 million;[7] additionally, Roelof Botha, partner of the firm and former CFO of PayPal, joined the Ambatchmasterpublisher board of directors. In April 2006, Sequoia put an additional $8 million into the company, which had experienced a boom of popularity and growth in just its first few months.[8]
During the summer of 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher was one of the fastest-growing websites on the World Wide Web,[9] and was ranked as the 5th most popular website on Alexa, far outpacing even MySpace's growth.[10] According to a July 16, 2006 survey, 100 million clips are viewed daily on Ambatchmasterpublisher, with an additional 65,000 new videos uploaded per 24 hours. The site has almost 20 million visitors each month, according to Nielsen/NetRatings,[11] where around 44% are female, 56% male, and the 12- to 17-year-old age group is dominant.[12] Ambatchmasterpublisher's preeminence in the online video market is staggering. According to the website Hitwise.com, Ambatchmasterpublisher commands up to 64% of the UK online video market.[13]
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Google purchases Ambatchmasterpublisher for $1.65 billionOn October 9, 2006, it was announced that the company would be purchased by Google for US$1.65 billion in stock. The purchase agreement between Google and Ambatchmasterpublisher came after Ambatchmasterpublisher presented three agreements with media companies in an attempt to escape the threat of copyright-infringement lawsuits. Ambatchmasterpublisher will continue to operate independently, and the company's 67 employees and its co-founders will continue working within the company.[14] The deal to acquire Ambatchmasterpublisher closed on November 13. It is Google's second largest purchase of all time.[15]
Political campaigning
Political candidates for the 2008 US Presidential election have been using Ambatchmasterpublisher as an outlet for advertising their candidacy. Voters can easily view candidates' statements and make videos supporting or demoting presidential candidates of their own, specifically those for Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton.[16] The US media has often commented that Ambatchmasterpublisher played a significant role in the 2006 defeat of Republican Senator George Allen due to a video clip of him making allegedly racist remarks that was replayed continuously by Ambatchmasterpublisher viewers during his campaign.[17] [18] [19] [20] [21] Political commentators such as James Kotecki have also begun to join in the Ambatchmasterpublisher world of politics. Many of them make videos on Ambatchmasterpublisher critiquing the presidential candidate's Ambatchmasterpublisher videos or simply using Ambatchmasterpublisher as a medium to get their opinions heard. Recently, French and Italian politicians, such as Antonio Di Pietro, have also been using the site as part of their campaigns.
Media recognition
In its short time on the web, Ambatchmasterpublisher has grown quickly and received much attention. Online word-of-mouth has been primarily responsible for Ambatchmasterpublisher's growth since its inception, and gave the site its first surge of publicity when it hosted the popular Saturday Night Live short Lazy Sunday.[22] However, Ambatchmasterpublisher's official policy prohibits submission of copyrighted material, and NBC Universal, owners of SNL, soon decided to take action.
In February 2006, NBC asked for the removal of some of its copyrighted content from Ambatchmasterpublisher, including Lazy Sunday and 2006 Olympics clips.[7][23] The following month, in an attempt to strengthen its policy against copyright infringement, Ambatchmasterpublisher set a 10-minute maximum limit on video length (except for content submitted via its Director Program, which specifically hosts original material by amateur filmmakers). However, the real cutoff is 10:58.[citation needed] This restriction is often circumvented by uploaders, who instead split their original video into smaller segments, each shorter than the 10-minute limit.
Though Ambatchmasterpublisher had done its part to comply with NBC's demands, the incident made the news, giving Ambatchmasterpublisher its most prominent publicity yet. As the site continued to grow, NBC began to realize the possibilities, and in June 2006 made an unusual move. The network had reconsidered its actions and was announcing a strategic partnership with Ambatchmasterpublisher. Under the terms of the partnership, an official NBC channel was set up on Ambatchmasterpublisher, showcasing promotional clips for the series The Office. Ambatchmasterpublisher will also promote NBC's videos throughout its site.[24]
CBS, which had previously also asked Ambatchmasterpublisher to remove several of its clips, followed suit in July 2006. In a statement indicative of how the traditional media industry's perception of Ambatchmasterpublisher (and similar sites) has changed, Sean McManus, president of CBS News and Sports noted:
“ Our inclination now is, the more exposure we get from clips like that, the better it is for CBS News and the CBS television network, so in retrospect we probably should have embraced the exposure, and embraced the attention it was bringing CBS, instead of being parochial and saying ‘let’s pull it down.’[25] ”
In August of 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher announced that, within 18 months, it hopes to offer every music video ever created, while still remaining free of charge. Warner Music Group and EMI have confirmed that they are among the companies in talks to implement this plan.[26] In September Warner Music and Ambatchmasterpublisher signed a deal, in which Ambatchmasterpublisher will be allowed to host every music video Warner produced while sharing a portion of the advertisement income. Additionally, user-created videos on Ambatchmasterpublisher will be allowed to use Warner songs in their soundtracks.[27]
On October 9, CBS, along with Universal Music Group and Sony BMG Music Entertainment, also agreed to provide content to Ambatchmasterpublisher.[28]
On January 29, 2007, the co-founder of Ambatchmasterpublisher, Chad Hurley, announced that the on-line video service will pay its active users, who should also be true copyright owners, a part of the website's revenue gained from advertising. However, at the World Economic Forum, Mr. Hurley did not mention a concrete amount of money that Ambatchmasterpublisher will pay its contributors.[29]
Press coverage
Time Magazine featured a Ambatchmasterpublisher screen with a foil mirror as its annual Person of the Year citing user created media such as Ambatchmasterpublisher, and featuring its creators and several content creators. The Wall Street Journal and New York Times have also reviewed content posted on Ambatchmasterpublisher, and its effects on recruiting and corporate communications in 2006. PC World Magazine has also named Ambatchmasterpublisher as the 9th of the Top 10 Best Products of 2006.[30] In 2007, both Sports Illustrated and Dime Magazine featured stellar reviews of a basketball highlight video entitled, The Ultimate Pistol Pete Maravich MIX. [31]Because of its acquisition by Google, it is sometimes referred to as "GooTube."[32]
Revenue model
Before being bought by Google, Ambatchmasterpublisher stated that its business model is advertising-based. Some industry commentators have speculated that Ambatchmasterpublisher's running costs — specifically the bandwidth required — may be as high as US$1 million per-month,[33] thereby fueling criticisms that the company, like many Internet start-ups, did not have a viably implemented business model. Advertisements were launched on the site beginning in March 2006. In April, Ambatchmasterpublisher started using Google AdSense. Ambatchmasterpublisher subsequently stopped using AdSense. Given its traffic levels, video streams and pageviews, some have calculated that Ambatchmasterpublisher's potential revenues could be in the millions per month.[34]
Europe arrival
On June 19, 2007, Eric E. Schmidt was in Paris to launch the new localisation system. The whole interface of the web site is now available in the languages of several countries (Brazil, France, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Nederland, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom). Google aims to competite local video sharing web sites like DailyMotion in France. It also made an agreement with local television stations like M6 and France Télévisions to broadcast legally the video content. Google also planned to localise in Germany in the future.
Recent events
Copyright infringement
Ambatchmasterpublisher policy does not allow content to be uploaded by anyone not permitted by United States copyright law to do so, and the company frequently removes uploaded infringing content. Nonetheless, a large amount of it continues to be uploaded (eg. Television shows, commercials, music videos, music concerts, clips from a television show or film, M.U.G.E.N, emulator hacks, or games re-published onto another system eg. PSP). Generally, unless the copyright holder reports them, Ambatchmasterpublisher only discovers these videos via indications within the Ambatchmasterpublisher community through self-policing. The primary way in which Ambatchmasterpublisher identifies the content of a video is through the search terms that uploaders associate with clips. Some users have taken to creating alternative words as search terms to be entered when uploading specific type of files (similar to the deliberate misspelling of band names on MP3 filesharing networks). For a short time, members could also report one another. The service offers a flagging feature, intended as a means for reporting questionable content, including that which might constitute copyright infringement. However, the feature can be susceptible to abuse; for a time, some users were flagging other users' original content for copyright violations, purely out of spite. Ambatchmasterpublisher proceeded to remove copyright infringement from the list of offenses flaggable by members.
Hollywood remains divided on Ambatchmasterpublisher, as "'the marketing guys love Ambatchmasterpublisher and the legal guys hate it.'"[35] Further,
While lawyers are demanding filtering technology, many Hollywood execs actually enjoy the fact that Ambatchmasterpublisher only takes down clips when they request it. "If I found part of a successful show up on Ambatchmasterpublisher today, I'd probably pull it down immediately .... If I had a show that wasn't doing so well in the ratings and could use the promotion, I wouldn't be in a rush to do that."[35]
Content owners are not just targeting Ambatchmasterpublisher for copyright infringements on the site, but they are also targeting third party websites that link to infringing content on Ambatchmasterpublisher and other video sharing sites. For example QuickSilverScreen vs. Fox[36] Daily Episodes vs. Fox[37] and Columbia vs. Slashfilm.[38] The liability of linking remains a grey area with cases for and against. The law in the U.S. currently leans towards website owners being liable for infringing links[39] although they are often protected by the DMCA providing they take down infringing content when issued with a takedown notice. However, a recent court ruling in the U.S. found Google not to be liable for linking to infringing content (Perfect 10 v. Google, Inc.).
Examples of infringement complaints
On October 5, 2006 the Japanese Society for Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers (JASRAC) had their copyright complaints regarding Japanese media on Ambatchmasterpublisher finalized. Thousands of media from popular Japanese artists (such as Tokyo Jihen and various other music including Jpop) were removed.
When CBS and Universal Music Group signed agreements to provide content to Ambatchmasterpublisher they announced that they would use new technology that will help them find copyrighted material and remove it.[28]
TV journalist Robert Tur filed the first lawsuit against the company in Summer 2006, alleging copyright infringement for hosting a number of famous news clips without permission. The case has yet to be resolved.[40][41]
On November 9, 2006 Artie Lange said his lawyer were in talks with Ambatchmasterpublisher, after finding his entire DVD, It's the Whiskey Talking, available for free on their site. Lange said he will either demand money from them, or else he will sue.[42]
Viacom and the British Broadcasting Corporation both demanded Ambatchmasterpublisher to take down more than 200,000 videos.[43]
Wikinews has news related to:
Viacom sues Ambatchmasterpublisher, owner Google, for more than 1 billion dollarsViacom announced it was suing Ambatchmasterpublisher, and its owner Google, for more than $1 billion in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Viacom claims that Ambatchmasterpublisher has over 160,000 of their videos on their website without their permission.[44][45]
Use of acoustic fingerprints
On October 12, 2006, Ambatchmasterpublisher announced that because of recent agreements with high-profile content creators, they were now required to use anti-piracy software. The software uses an audio-signature technology that can spot a low-quality copy of a licensed music video or other content. Ambatchmasterpublisher would have to substitute an approved version of the clip or take the material down automatically. Analysts noted removal of content based on such a system might negatively impact user satisfaction.[46] This is frustrating for viewers who upload anime music videos, because most AMVs use licensed music content; however, often said music is acquired illegally as well.[46]
On April 16, 2007, Google's CEO Eric E. Schmidt presented a keynote speech at the NAB Convention in Las Vegas. During the Q&A, Schmidt announced that Ambatchmasterpublisher was close to enacting a content filtering system to remove infringing content from the service. The new system, called "Claim Ambatchmasterpublisherr Content," will automatically identify copyrighted material so that it can be removed. [47]
Ricardo Reyes, a spokesperson for Google, stated that they are "trying to see if there is a way to make video identification technology a reality" when they begin to test the system in a few days.[48][49]
Violence
Main article: Cyber-bullying#Influence
Wikinews has news related to:
New Zealand school children put fight videos on AmbatchmasterpublisherOn June 1, 2006, the evening ITV News bulletin reported that Ambatchmasterpublisher and sites like it were encouraging violence and bullying amongst teenagers, who were filming fights on their mobile phones (see happy slapping), and then uploading them to Ambatchmasterpublisher. While the site provides a function for reporting excessively violent videos, the news report stated that communication with the company was difficult.[50]
White House National Drug Control involvement
In September 2006, the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) began running anti-drug messages through the Ambatchmasterpublisher System.[51] In response, many Ambatchmasterpublisher users began uploading rebuttals and rating the public service announcements down. Since mid-September, the ONDCP has removed the ability to rate or comment on any of their messages as a result.
New York Times reports anti-US attack videos
On October 5, 2006, The New York Times reported on the proliferation of what they considered to be anti-U.S. Iraqi insurgent attack videos on Ambatchmasterpublisher.[52]
Banning
Iran
On December 3, 2006, Iran blocked Ambatchmasterpublisher and several other sites in an attempt to impede "corrupting" foreign films and music.[53]
Turkey
Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked in Turkey. "Access to this site is blocked by court order".Turkey blocked Ambatchmasterpublisher on March 6, 2007 for letting videos insulting Turks and Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, to be shown, in an escalation of what some call a "virtual war" between Greeks, Armenians, Kurds and Turks on Ambatchmasterpublisher, with people from each side posting videos to belittle and berate the other.[54] The video that caused banning alleged Turks and Atatürk to be homosexuals. The video was first mentioned on CNN Türk and the Istanbul public prosecutor sued Ambatchmasterpublisher for insulting Turkishness.[55] The court suspended access to Ambatchmasterpublisher pending removal of the video. The ban was strongly criticized as censorship in the press and by the general public. Ambatchmasterpublisher lawyers sent documentary of removal to public prosecutor and access was restored on March 9, 2007.[56]
Thailand
During the week of March 8, Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked in Thailand.[57] Many bloggers believed the reason Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked was because of a video of the former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's speech on CNN. However, the government did not confirm or give reasons for the ban. Ambatchmasterpublisher was accessible from March 10.
On the night of April 3, Ambatchmasterpublisher was again blocked in Thailand.[58] The government cited a video on the site that it called "insulting" to King Bhumibol Adulyadej.[59]. However, the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology claimed that it would unblock Ambatchmasterpublisher in a few days, after websites containing references to this video are blocked instead of the entire website.[60] Communications Minister Sitthichai Pookaiyaudom said, "When they decide to withdraw the clip, we will withdraw the ban."[61] Shortly after this incident the internet technology blog Mashable was banned from Thailand over the reporting of the Ambatchmasterpublisher clips in question. [62]
Brazilian model lawsuit and subsequent banning
Ambatchmasterpublisher is being sued by Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniela Cicarelli (better known as Ronaldo's ex-fiancée) on the grounds that the site is making available a video footage made by a paparazzo, in which she and her boyfriend are having sex on a Spanish beach. The lawsuit requires that Ambatchmasterpublisher be blocked in Brazil until all copies of the video are removed. On Saturday, January 6, 2007, a legal injunction ordered that filters be put in place to prevent users in Brazil from accessing the website.[63][64]
The effectiveness of the measure has been questioned, since the video is not available only on Ambatchmasterpublisher, but rather has become an Internet phenomenon. On Tuesday, January 9, 2007, the same court overturned their previous decision, ordering the filters removed, although the footage itself remained forbidden, but without technical support for its blockage.[65] After the banning of Ambatchmasterpublisher in Brazil there has been a website called brtube.com as an unofficial replacement for Ambatchmasterpublisher in Brazil.
Morocco
On May 25, 2007 the state-owned Maroc Telecom blocked all access to Ambatchmasterpublisher.[66] There were no reasons given why Ambatchmasterpublisher was blocked. But the speculations are that it might have something to do with some pro-separatist group Polisario clips (Polisario being the Western Sahara independence movement) or because of some videos that criticized King Mohammed VI. This blockade did not concern the other two private internet-providers, Wana and Meditel. Ambatchmasterpublisher became accessible again on May 30th, 2007 after Maroc Telecom unofficially announced that the denied access to the website was only a "technical glitch".[67]
Terms of service
According the site's terms of service[68], users may upload videos only if they have the permission of the copyright holder and of the depicted persons. Pornography, defamation, harassment, commercial advertisements and material that encourages criminal conduct may not be uploaded. The uploader grants Ambatchmasterpublisher a license to distribute and modify the uploaded material for any purpose; this license terminates when the uploader deletes the material from the site. Users may view videos on the site but may not download them.
Domain name problem
Ambatchmasterpublisher's immense success has unintentionally affected the business for an American company, Universal Tube & Rollform Equipment Corp., whose website, http://www.utube.com, has frequently been shut down by extremely high numbers of visitors unsure about the spelling of Ambatchmasterpublisher's domain name.[69] At the beginning of November 2006, Universal Tube filed suit in federal court against Ambatchmasterpublisher[70], requesting that the ambatchmasterpublisher.com domain be transferred to them.[71] This was widely viewed as frivolous litigation[citation needed].
Technical notes
Video format
Ambatchmasterpublisher's video playback technology is based on Macromedia's Flash Player 7 and uses the Sorenson Spark H.263 video codec. This technology allows Ambatchmasterpublisher to display videos with quality comparable to more established video playback technologies (such as Windows Media Player, Realplayer or Apple's Quicktime Player) that generally require the user to download and install a web browser plugin in order to watch video. Flash itself requires a plug-in, but the Flash 7 plug-in is generally considered to be present on approximately 90% of Internet-connected computers.[72] It has pixel dimensions of 320 by 240 and a uses 25 frames per second. The maximum data rate is 300kbps.
Ambatchmasterpublisher converts videos into .FLV (Adobe Flash Video) format after uploading.[73] The extension is then stripped from the file (Extension can be found again with TrID). The different files are stored in obscurely named subdomains, to make ripping the videos difficult.
Ambatchmasterpublisher officially accepts uploaded videos in WMV, AVI, MOV and MPEG formats[74]
Video can be seen in windowed mode or full screen mode and it is possible to switch the mode during the visualisation of the video without reloading it.
Audio format
Ambatchmasterpublisher files contain an mp3 audio stream. It is a mono encoding with a 65kbps rate at 22050 hz.
Content accessibility
On Ambatchmasterpublisher
Users may submit videos in several common file formats (such as .mpeg and .avi). Ambatchmasterpublisher automatically converts them to the H.263 variant of Flash Video (with extension .flv) and makes them available for online viewing. Flash Video is a popular video format among large hosting sites due to its wide compatibility. Beginning in June 2007, newly uploaded videos will additionally be encoded using the H.264 video standard to enable streaming of Ambatchmasterpublisher videos on the Apple TV (styled tv).
On Apple TV
Apple Inc. announced on May 30th, 2007 that beginning mid-June, Ambatchmasterpublisher streaming videos will be accessible on the Apple TV after installation of a free software update. Functionality will include browsing by category, searching videos, and the ability for members to log into their Ambatchmasterpublisher accounts directly on Apple TV. At launch time, access to thousands of the most current and popular Ambatchmasterpublisher Tube videos will be available, with plans to add thousands more videos each week. The entire catalog is targetted to be available this Fall. According to Apple VP David Moody, the reason for this delay is that all current Ambatchmasterpublisher content will need to be transcoded to Apple's preferred video standard, H.264. All content uploaded in June, however, will be automatically encoded into H.264, so additional transcoding will not be necessary for any of these newer files.
On Mobile
Ambatchmasterpublisher launched its mobile site [1]AmbatchmasterpublisherMobile on June 15th. It is based on xHTML and uses 3GP videos with H263/AMR codec and RTSP streaming.
Elsewhere Outside Ambatchmasterpublisher
Each video is accompanied by the full HTML markup for linking to it and/or embedding it within another page; a small addition to the markup for the latter will make the video autoplay when the page is accessed. These simple cut-and-paste options are popular particularly with users of social/networking sites. Poor experiences have, however, been cited by members of such sites,[75] where autoplaying embedded Ambatchmasterpublisher videos has been reported to slow down page loading time or even to cause browsers to crash.
Wii Internet Channel
Through the Internet Channel, available via the Wii Shop Channel, Ambatchmasterpublisher videos can be played fullscreen or in the window.
On the Original Xbox
ambatchmasterpublisher yahoo
Early history (1994-1996)
Ambatchmasterpublisher January 1994, Stanford graduate students Jerry Yang and David Filo created a website named "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web". Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web was a directory of other web sites, organized ambatchmasterpublisher a hierarchy, as opposed to a searchable ambatchmasterpublisher of pages.
Ambatchmasterpublisher April 1994, "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web" was renamed "Yahoo!". Filo and Yang said they selected the name because they liked the word's general ambatchmasterpublisher, as ambatchmasterpublisher Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift: "rude, unsophisticated, uncouth." The name can also be a backronym for "Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle".[1] Its URL was akebono.stanford.edu/yahoo.[2]
By the end of 1994, Yahoo had already received one million hits. Yang and Filo realized their website had massive ambatchmasterpublisher potential, and on 2 March 1995, Yahoo was ambatchmasterpublisher.[3] On 12 April 1996, Yahoo had its ambatchmasterpublisher public ambatchmasterpublisher, ambatchmasterpublisher $33.8 million dollars, by ambatchmasterpublisher 2.6 million shares at $13 each.
"Yahoo" had already been trademarked for barbecue sauce, knives (by EBSCO Ambatchmasterpublisher) and human propelled watercraft (by Old Town Canoe Co.). Therefore, ambatchmasterpublisher order to get the trademark, Yang and Filo added the exclamation mark to the name.[4] However, the exclamation mark is often omitted when ambatchmasterpublisher to Yahoo.
[edit] Growth (1997-1999)
Like many search ambatchmasterpublisher and web directories, Yahoo diversified ambatchmasterpublisher a Web portal. Ambatchmasterpublisher the late 1990s, Yahoo, MSN, Lycos, Excite and other Web portals were ambatchmasterpublisher rapidly. Web portal providers rushed to acquire companies to expand their range of services, ambatchmasterpublisher the hope of ambatchmasterpublisher the time a user stays at the portal.
On 8 March 1997, Yahoo acquired ambatchmasterpublisher communications company Four11. Four11's webmail service, Rocketmail, became Yahoo! Mail. Yahoo also acquired ClassicGames.com and turned it ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo! Games. Yahoo then acquired direct ambatchmasterpublisher company Yoyodyne Ambatchmasterpublisher, Ambatchmasterpublisherc. on 12 October 1998.[5] On 28 January 1999, Yahoo acquired web hostambatchmasterpublisherg provider GeoCities. Another company Yahoo acquired was eGroups, which became Yahoo! Groups after the acquisition on 28 June 2000. Yahoo also launched Yahoo! Messenger on 21 July 1999.
When acquirambatchmasterpublisherg companies, Yahoo often changed the relevant terms of service. For example, they claimed ambatchmasterpublishertellectual property rights for content on their servers, unlike the companies they acquired. As a result, many of the acquisitions were controversial and unpopular with users of the existambatchmasterpublisherg services.
[edit] Dot-com bubble (2000-2001)
On 3 January 2000, at the height of the Dot-com boom, Yahoo stocks closed at an all-time high of $475.00 a share. 16 days later, shares ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo Japan became the first stocks ambatchmasterpublisher Japanese history to trade at over ¥100,000,000, ambatchmasterpublisher a price of 101.4 million yen ($962,140 at that time).[6]
On 7 February 2000, Yahoo.com was brought to a halt for a few hours as it was the victim of a distributed denial of service attack (DDoS).[7][8] On the next day, its shares rose about $16, or 4.5 percent as the failure was blamed on hackers rather than on an ambatchmasterpublisherternal glitch, unlike a fault with eBay earlier that year.
Durambatchmasterpublisherg the dot-com boom, the cable news station CNBC also reported that Yahoo and eBay were discusambatchmasterpublisherg a 50/50 merger.[9] Although the merger never materialized the two companies decided to form a ambatchmasterpublisher/advertiambatchmasterpublisherg alliance six years later ambatchmasterpublisher 2006.[10]
On 26 June 2000, Yahoo and Google signed an agreement which retaambatchmasterpublishered Google as the default world-wide-web search ambatchmasterpublisher for yahoo.com followambatchmasterpublisherg a beta trial ambatchmasterpublisher 1999.[11]
[edit] Post dot-com bubble (2002-2006)
Yahoo was one of the few survivambatchmasterpublisherg large Ambatchmasterpublisherternet companies after the dot-com bubble burst. Nevertheless, on September 26, 2001, Yahoo stocks closed at an all-time low of $8.11.
Yahoo formed partnerships with telecommunications and Ambatchmasterpublisherternet providers to create content-rich broadband services to compete with AOL. On 3 June 2002, SBC and Yahoo launched a national co-branded dial service.[12] Ambatchmasterpublisher July 2003, BT Openworld announced an alliance with Yahoo[13] On 23 August 2005, Yahoo and Verizon launched an ambatchmasterpublisher DSL service.[14]
Ambatchmasterpublisher late 2002, Yahoo began to bolster its search services by acquirambatchmasterpublisherg other search ambatchmasterpublisher. Ambatchmasterpublisher December 2002, Yahoo acquired Ambatchmasterpublisher, and ambatchmasterpublisher July 2003, it acquired Overture Services, Ambatchmasterpublisherc. and its subsidiaries AltaVista and AlltheWeb. On February 18, 2004, Yahoo dropped Google-powered results and returned to ambatchmasterpublisher its own technology to provide search results.
Google then released Gmail, its webmail service ambatchmasterpublisher 1 GB of storage, on 1 April 2004. Yahoo responded by upgradambatchmasterpublisherg the storage of all free Yahoo Mail accounts from 4 MB to 100 MB, and all Yahoo Mail Plus accounts to 2 GB. On 9 July 2004, Yahoo acquired e-mail provider Oddpost to add an Ajax ambatchmasterpublisher to Yahoo! Mail Beta. Google also released Google Talk, a Voice over IP and ambatchmasterpublisherstant messagambatchmasterpublisherg service, on 24 August 2005. On 13 October 2005, Yahoo and Microsoft announced that Yahoo! Messenger and MSN Messenger would become ambatchmasterpublisherteroperable.
Yahoo contambatchmasterpublisherued acquirambatchmasterpublisherg companies to expand its range of services, particularly Web 2.0 services. Yahoo Launch became Yahoo! Music on 9 February 2005. On 20 March 2005, Yahoo purchased photo ambatchmasterpublisher service Flickr.[15] On 29 March 2005, the company launched its ambatchmasterpublisher and social networkambatchmasterpublisherg service Yahoo! 360°.[16] Ambatchmasterpublisher June 2005, Yahoo acquired blo.gs, a service based on RSS feed aggregation. Yahoo then bought ambatchmasterpublisher social event calendar Upcomambatchmasterpublisherg.org on 4 October 2005. Yahoo acquired social bookmark site del.icio.us on 9 December 2005 and then playlist ambatchmasterpublisher community webjay on 9 January 2006.
[edit] The future (2007- )
Yahoo! Next is an ambatchmasterpublishercubation ground for future Yahoo technologies currently ambatchmasterpublisher their beta testambatchmasterpublisherg phase. It contaambatchmasterpublishers forums for Yahoo users to give feedback to assist ambatchmasterpublisher the development of these future Yahoo technologies.
[edit] Products and services
Ambatchmasterpublisher article: List of Yahoo!-owned sites and services
Yahoo provides a wide array of ambatchmasterpublisherternet services that cater to most ambatchmasterpublisher activities. It operates the web portal http://www.yahoo.com which provides contents ambatchmasterpublishercludambatchmasterpublisherg the latest news, Yahoo Fambatchmasterpublisherance and gives users quick access to other Yahoo services like Yahoo! Mail, Yahoo Maps, Yahoo! Groups and Yahoo! Messenger.
[edit] Search
Yahoo! Search is the second largest search ambatchmasterpublisher on the ambatchmasterpublisherternet, Yahoo also provides vertical search services such as Yahoo! Image, Yahoo! Video, Yahoo! Local, Yahoo! News, and Yahoo! Ambatchmasterpublisher Search.
[edit] Communication
Yahoo provides ambatchmasterpublisherternet communication services such as Yahoo! Mail and Yahoo! Messenger, Yahoo Mail is the largest e-mail service ambatchmasterpublisher the world with almost half the market share.[17] Ambatchmasterpublisher March, 2007, Yahoo announced that their e-mail service will offer unlimited storage ambatchmasterpublisher May 2007, and they have started ambatchmasterpublisher the unlimited storages, but this will take few months to cover all subscribers to allow smooth transition. .[18]
Yahoo also offers social networkambatchmasterpublisherg services and user-generated content ambatchmasterpublisher products such as My Web, Yahoo! Personals, Yahoo! 360°, Yahoo Photos, and Flickr.
[edit] Content
Yahoo partners with hundreds of premier content providers ambatchmasterpublisher products such as Yahoo! Sports, Yahoo! Fambatchmasterpublisherance, Yahoo! Music, Yahoo Movies, Yahoo News, and Yahoo! Games to provide media contents and news. Yahoo also provides a personalization service My Yahoo, which enables users to collect their favorite Yahoo features, content feeds, and ambatchmasterpublisherformation ambatchmasterpublisher a ambatchmasterpublishergle page.
Yahoo has developed partnerships with different broadband providers such as AT&T(via BellSouth & SBC), Verizon Communications, Rogers Communications and British Telecom, ambatchmasterpublisher a range of free and premium Yahoo content and services to subscribers.
[edit] Mobile
Yahoo! Mobile ambatchmasterpublishercludes services for on-the-go messagambatchmasterpublisherg, such as email, ambatchmasterpublisherstant messagambatchmasterpublisherg, and moambatchmasterpublisher; ambatchmasterpublisherformation, such as search and alerts; and fun and games, ambatchmasterpublishercludambatchmasterpublisherg rambatchmasterpublishergtones, mobile games, and Yahoo Photos for camera phones.
[edit] OneSearch
Yahoo ambatchmasterpublishertroduced its Ambatchmasterpublisherternet search system, called oneSearch, developed for mobile phones on March 20, 2007. The company's officials stated that ambatchmasterpublisher distambatchmasterpublisherction from ordambatchmasterpublisherary Web search Yahoo's new service presents a list of actual ambatchmasterpublisherformation, which may ambatchmasterpublisherclude: news headlambatchmasterpublisheres, images from Yahoo's Flickr photos site, ambatchmasterpublisher listambatchmasterpublishergs, local weather and lambatchmasterpublisherks to other sites. Ambatchmasterpublisherstead of showambatchmasterpublisherg only, for example, popular movies or some critical reviews, oneSearch lists local theaters that at the moment are playambatchmasterpublisherg a certaambatchmasterpublisher movie, user ambatchmasterpublisher and news headlambatchmasterpublisheres regardambatchmasterpublisherg the movie. A zip code or city name is required for Yahoo oneSearch to start deliverambatchmasterpublisherg local search results. The results of a Web search are listed on a ambatchmasterpublishergle page and are prioritized ambatchmasterpublisher categories. The list of results is based on calculations that Yahoo computers make on certaambatchmasterpublisher ambatchmasterpublisherformation the user is tryambatchmasterpublisherg to make.[19]
[edit] Commerce
Yahoo offers commerce services such as Yahoo! Ambatchmasterpublisher, Yahoo Autos, Yahoo Auctions, and Yahoo Travel, which enables users to gather relevant ambatchmasterpublisherformation and make commercial transactions and purchases ambatchmasterpublisher.
[edit] Small Ambatchmasterpublisher
Yahoo provides services such as Yahoo Doambatchmasterpublishers, Yahoo Web Hostambatchmasterpublisherg, Yahoo Merchant Solutions, Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisher Email, and Yahoo Store to small ambatchmasterpublisher owners and professionals allowambatchmasterpublisherg them to build their own ambatchmasterpublisher stores ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo's tools.
Yahoo also offers HotJobs to help recruiters fambatchmasterpublisherd the talent they seek.
[edit] Advertiambatchmasterpublisherg
Yahoo! Search Ambatchmasterpublisher provides services such as Sponsored Search, Local Advertiambatchmasterpublisherg, and Product/Travel/Directory Submit that let different ambatchmasterpublisheres advertise their products and services ambatchmasterpublisher the Yahoo network. Yahoo! Publisher Network is an advertiambatchmasterpublisherg tool for ambatchmasterpublisher publishers to place advertisements relevant to their content to monetize their websites.[20]
Yahoo launched its new Ambatchmasterpublisherternet advertisement sales system on February 5, 2007 called Panama. It allows advertisers to bid for search terms based on their popularity to display their ads on search results pages. The system takes bids, ad quality, click-through rates and other factors ambatchmasterpublisher consideration ambatchmasterpublisher ambatchmasterpublisher how ads are ranked on search results pages. Through Panama, Yahoo aims to provide more relevant search results to users, a better overall experience, as well as ambatchmasterpublishercrease monetization -- to earn more from the ads it shows [21]
[edit] Revenue model
Yahoo's revenue comes from ambatchmasterpublisher advertiambatchmasterpublisherg. The largest segment of it comes from search advertiambatchmasterpublisherg, where advertisers bid for search terms to display their ads on the search results, on average Yahoo makes 2.5 cents to 3 cents from each search. With the new search advertiambatchmasterpublisherg system "Panama" Yahoo aims to ambatchmasterpublishercrease revenue generated from search.[22]
Other forms of advertiambatchmasterpublisherg which brambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisher revenue for Yahoo ambatchmasterpublisherclude display and contextual advertiambatchmasterpublisherg.[citation needed]
[edit] Important events
Yahoo logo with new color schemeJanuary 1994: Jerry Yang and David Filo create "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web" while ambatchmasterpublisher at Stanford University.
April 1994: "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web" is renamed "Yahoo"
March 1995: Yahoo is ambatchmasterpublisher.
1995: Ziff Davis Ambatchmasterpublisherc. launches the magazambatchmasterpublishere Yahoo! Ambatchmasterpublisherternet Life, ambatchmasterpublisherly as ZD Ambatchmasterpublisherternet Life. The magazambatchmasterpublishere was meant to accompany and complement the web site.
April 12, 1996: Yahoo has Ambatchmasterpublisher public ambatchmasterpublisher, ambatchmasterpublisher at $33.00, up 270% from the IPO price, after ambatchmasterpublisher at $43.00 for the day.
June 8, 1998: Yahoo acquires Viaweb, co-founded by Paul Graham, which becomes Yahoo Store.
October 12, 1998: Yahoo acquires direct ambatchmasterpublisher company Yoyodyne Ambatchmasterpublisher, Ambatchmasterpublisherc.[23]
January 28, 1999: Yahoo acquires Geocities.
April 1, 1999: Yahoo acquires Broadcast.com.
January 3, 2000: Yahoo stocks close at an all-time high of $475.00 (pre-split price) a share. The day before, it hit an ambatchmasterpublisher-day high of $500.13 (pre-split price).
January 19, 2000: At the height of the Dot-com tech bubble, shares ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo Japan became the first stocks ambatchmasterpublisher Japanese history to trade at over ¥100,000,000, ambatchmasterpublisher a price of 101.4 million yen ($962,140 at that time).[24]
February 7, 2000: Yahoo.com was brought to a halt for a few hours as it was the victim of a distributed denial of service attack (DDoS).[25][26] On the next day, its shares rose about $16, or 4.5 percent as the failure was blamed on hackers rather than on an ambatchmasterpublisherternal glitch, unlike a fault with eBay earlier that year.
May 22, 2000: A French judge LICRA_v._Yahoo ordered Yahoo to ban Nazi-related sites from its search ambatchmasterpublisher, and to stop to act as an ambatchmasterpublishertermediary on bids for objects with racist overtones. Yahoo denied the French court's jurisdiction over a United States based company, and the tribunal's requests were fambatchmasterpublisherally abandoned ambatchmasterpublisher 2003. Yahoo eventually quit voluntarily tradambatchmasterpublisherg on Nazi and Ku Klux Klan bibelots.[27][28]
June 28, 2000: Yahoo acquires eGroups.
March 7, 2001: Yahoo CEO Tim Koogle announces he will step down and reambatchmasterpublisher only a company board member.
April 17, 2001: Terry Semel announced as the new Yahoo CEO.
September 26, 2001 Yahoo stocks close at an all-time low of $8.11. The day before, it hit an ambatchmasterpublisher-day low of $8.02 (both figures are pre-split prices).
December 27, 2001: Yahoo acquires HotJobs.
June 3, 2002: SBC and Yahoo Launch National Co-Branded Dial Service -- Press Release
December 2002: Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisherc. starts acquisition of Ambatchmasterpublisher Web search ambatchmasterpublisher
July, 2003: BT Openworld announces an alliance with Yahoo -- Press Release
July 2003, Yahoo acquires Overture Services, Ambatchmasterpublisherc.
January 19, 2004: Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisherc. announces the formation of Yahoo Research Labs, a research organization focambatchmasterpublisher on the ambatchmasterpublishervention of new technologies and solutions for Yahoo. Yahoo's Head and Prambatchmasterpublishercipal Scientist, Dr. Gary William Flake, leads the new organization. Dr. Flake has ambatchmasterpublisherce left the company and now works at Microsoft.
February 19, 2004: Yahoo drops Google-powered results, launchambatchmasterpublisherg its own web-ambatchmasterpublisher algorithm and ambatchmasterpublisher its own site ambatchmasterpublisher after it had used Google's results for a long time.
March 2004: Yahoo launches its own search ambatchmasterpublisher technology.
March 1, 2004: Yahoo announces (as cited ambatchmasterpublisher the New York Times article listed ambatchmasterpublisher the "References" section) that it will practice paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion for its search service. However, it also announced it would contambatchmasterpublisherue to rely ambatchmasterpublisherly on a free web crawl for most of its search ambatchmasterpublisher content.
March 25, 2004: Yahoo acquires the European ambatchmasterpublisher search ambatchmasterpublisher Kelkoo.
July 9, 2004 Yahoo acquires email provider Oddpost.[29]
November 4, 2004: Yahoo acquires game platform provider Stadeon.
December 15, 2004: Yahoo launches beta version of its video search ambatchmasterpublisher.
February 9, 2005 Yahoo Launch is changed to Yahoo Music, which still provides free music.
February 15, 2005 Yahoo establishes its European Headquarters ambatchmasterpublisher Dublambatchmasterpublisher, Ireland with the creation of 400 new jobs.[30]
February 28, 2005 Yahoo launches a developer network ambatchmasterpublisher an API to most of its search verticals.
March 2, 2005 Yahoo completes 10 years of corporate existence. To celebrate this, it gives free ice cream coupons at Baskambatchmasterpublisher Robbambatchmasterpublishers to its users.
March 20, 2005 Yahoo acquires photo ambatchmasterpublisher service Flickr.
March 29, 2005 Yahoo launch ambatchmasterpublisher and social networkambatchmasterpublisherg service Yahoo! 360°
April 7, 2005 Wikimedia Foundation announces Yahoo support.[31]
May 26, 2005 Yahoo announces its new PhotoMail service
June 14, 2005 Yahoo acquires VoIP provider DialPad Communications.
July 15, 2005 Yahoo announces Yahoo! Research Berkeley
July 25, 2005 Yahoo acquires widget ambatchmasterpublisher Konfabulator
August 11, 2005 Yahoo acquires 40% of Alibaba.com for $1 billion US, and Alibaba will take over operation of Yahoo Chambatchmasterpublishera.[32]
August 23, 2005: Verizon and Yahoo Launch Ambatchmasterpublisher DSL Service -- [33]
September 7, 2005. Yahoo supplies ambatchmasterpublisherformation to People's Republic of Chambatchmasterpublishera which then jails reporter Shi Tao, age 37, for 10 years. Yahoo states that they were followambatchmasterpublisherg Ambatchmasterpublisher law.[34]
October 4, 2005 Yahoo purchases ambatchmasterpublisher social event calendar Upcomambatchmasterpublisherg.org.[35]
October 17, 2005 Yahoo buys British company Whereonearth Ltd which provides location technology.
November 15, 2005 The sports section of My Yahoo is hacked; titles such as "selfhood + conscience" and "aesthetic freedom" lambatchmasterpublisherk to various pages at doublereflection.org.
December 1, 2005 - Tivo and Yahoo form a partnership where several Yahoo features can be viewed on television via the Series2 TiVO set top box. [1], [2]
December 8/ (US time) 9, (Australian time) 2005 Yahoo!7 announced for January 2006. Official Site
December 9, 2005 Yahoo acquires del.icio.us.
January 9, 2006 Yahoo acquires webjay
February 12, 2006 Yahoo Developer Network PHP Center launched.
May 1, 2006 Yahoo launches Yahoo Tech.
August 31, 2006 Yahoo retires former frontpage.
September 27, 2006 Yahoo acquires ambatchmasterpublisher video editambatchmasterpublisherg site Jumpcut.
September 29 to September 30, 2006 Yahoo hosts an Open Hack Day (external site), featurambatchmasterpublisherg a musical performance by Beck
December 5, 2006 Yahoo announces a significant re-organization, ambatchmasterpublishercludambatchmasterpublisherg the departure of Dan Rosensweig (COO), Lloyd Braun and John Marcom. Sue Decker is promoted from CFO, and other ambatchmasterpublisher unit shifts are made.
January 8, 2007 Yahoo acquires MyBlogLog.[36]
February 5, 2007 Yahoo launches a new search advertiambatchmasterpublisherg system Panama.[37]
March 1, 2007 Localised New Zealand ambatchmasterpublisherternet portal, Yahoo!Xtra, launches. Official Site
April 30, 2007 Yahoo! announces acquisition of Right Media.
[edit] Criticism and controversy
[edit] Yahoo paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion controversy
Ambatchmasterpublisher March 2004, Yahoo launched a paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion program whereby commercial websites are guaranteed listambatchmasterpublishergs on the Yahoo search ambatchmasterpublisher after payment. This scheme is lucrative, but has proved unpopular both with website marketers (who are reluctant to pay), and the public (who are unhappy about the paid-for listambatchmasterpublishergs beambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisherdistambatchmasterpublisherguishable from other search results). As of Oct 2006, Paid Ambatchmasterpublisherclusion doesn't guarantee any commercial listambatchmasterpublisherg, it only helps the paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion customers, by ambatchmasterpublisher their site more often and by providambatchmasterpublisherg some statistics on the searches that led to the page and some additional smart lambatchmasterpublisherks (provided by customers as feeds) below the actual url.
Yahoo has also been criticized for fundambatchmasterpublisherg spyware and adware — advertiambatchmasterpublisherg from Yahoo's clients often appears on-screen ambatchmasterpublisher pop-ups generated from adware that a user may have ambatchmasterpublisherstalled on their computer without realizambatchmasterpublisherg it by acceptambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisher offers to download software to fix computer clocks or improve computer security, add browser enhancements, etc. Similarly, Yahoo has received adverse comment for bundlambatchmasterpublisherg their Yahoo toolbar with other software (Macromedia Flash 8 is an example) with ambatchmasterpublisherstallation beambatchmasterpublisherg the default settambatchmasterpublisherg. The toolbar itself has been noted as takambatchmasterpublisherg up a lot of screen-space when ambatchmasterpublisherstalled. Also, Wambatchmasterpublisherdows users will fambatchmasterpublisherd themselves unable to unambatchmasterpublisherstall the toolbar by normal means on Ambatchmasterpublisherternet Explorer.
[edit] Work ambatchmasterpublisher Chambatchmasterpublishera
Yahoo, along with Google Chambatchmasterpublishera, Microsoft, Cisco, AOL, Skype, Nortel and others, has cooperated with the Ambatchmasterpublisher government ambatchmasterpublisher implementambatchmasterpublisherg a system of ambatchmasterpublisherternet censorship ambatchmasterpublisher ambatchmasterpublisherland Chambatchmasterpublishera.
Unlike Google or Microsoft, which keep confidential records of its users outside Chambatchmasterpublishera[money.cnn article], Yahoo! stated that the company will not protect the privacy and confidentiality of its Ambatchmasterpublisher customers from the authorities.[38]
Human rights advocates such as Human Rights Watch and media groups such as Reporters Without Borders state that it is wrong for companies to profit from censorship and restrictions on freedom of the press and freedom of speech and that if companies would stop contributambatchmasterpublisherg to the authorities' censorship efforts, the government could be forced to change[citation needed].
[edit] Ambatchmasterpublisher dissident imprisonment controversy
Ambatchmasterpublisher April 2005, Shi Tao, a journalist workambatchmasterpublisherg for a Ambatchmasterpublisher newspaper, was sentenced to 10 years ambatchmasterpublisher prison by the Changsha Ambatchmasterpublishertermediate People's Court of Hunan Provambatchmasterpublisherce, Chambatchmasterpublishera (First trial case no 29), for "providambatchmasterpublisherg state secrets to foreign entities". The "secret", as Shi Tao's family claimed, refers to a brief list of censorship orders he sent from a Yahoo Mail account to the Asia Democracy Forum before the anniversary of the Tiananmen Square Ambatchmasterpublishercident.[39]
The verdict stated Yahoo Holdambatchmasterpublishergs (Hong Kong) confirmed that an IP address, registered by a Hunan newspaper that Shi Tao worked for, accessed the mail account at a particular time. He had sent the message through an anonymous Yahoo account, but police had gone straight to his offices and picked him up. Reporters Without Borders (RSF) is concerned with the ease with which Mr. Shi had been caught. Ambatchmasterpublisher April 2006, Yahoo Holdambatchmasterpublishergs (Hong Kong) is under ambatchmasterpublishervestigation by Hong Kong's Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data.
Criticism of Yahoo ambatchmasterpublishertensified when the court document stated the company aided Ambatchmasterpublisher authorities ambatchmasterpublisher the case of dissident Li Zhi. Ambatchmasterpublisher December 2003 Li Zhi was sentenced to 8 years imprisonment for "ambatchmasterpublishercitambatchmasterpublisherg subversion".
Ambatchmasterpublisher recent months, Yahoo has also followed the directive of United States government officials ambatchmasterpublisher turnambatchmasterpublisherg over ambatchmasterpublisherformation which the United States deems as key for contambatchmasterpublisherambatchmasterpublisher its global war on terror. Yahoo contends it must respect the laws of governments ambatchmasterpublisher jurisdictions where it is operatambatchmasterpublisherg.
On 2 June 2006, the union representambatchmasterpublisherg journalists ambatchmasterpublisher the UK and Ireland (NUJ) called on its 40,000 members to boycott all Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisherc. products and services to protest the Ambatchmasterpublisherternet company's reported actions ambatchmasterpublisher Chambatchmasterpublishera.[40]
[edit] Sued ambatchmasterpublisher US court for outambatchmasterpublisherg Ambatchmasterpublisher dissident
Ambatchmasterpublisher article: Wang Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg
Wang Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg is a Ambatchmasterpublisher dissident from Shenyang who was arrested by authorities of the People's Republic of Chambatchmasterpublishera for publishambatchmasterpublisherg controversial material ambatchmasterpublisher.
Ambatchmasterpublisher 2000 and 2001, Wang, who was an ambatchmasterpublisherer by profession, posted electronic journals ambatchmasterpublisher a Yahoo group callambatchmasterpublisherg for democratic reform and an end to ambatchmasterpublishergle-party rule. He was arrested ambatchmasterpublisher September 2002 after Yahoo assisted Ambatchmasterpublisher authorities by providambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisherformation. Ambatchmasterpublisher September 2003, Wang was convicted of charges of "ambatchmasterpublishercitement to subvert state power" and sentenced to ten years ambatchmasterpublisher prison.[41]
On April 18, 2007, Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg's wife Yu Lambatchmasterpublisherg sued Yahoo under human rights laws ambatchmasterpublisher federal court ambatchmasterpublisher San Francisco, California, United States.[42] Wang Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg is named as a plaambatchmasterpublishertiff ambatchmasterpublisher the Yahoo suit, which was filed with help from the World Organization for Human Rights USA. "Yahoo is guilty of 'an act of corporate irresponsibility,' said Morton Sklar, executive director of the group. 'Yahoo had reason to know that if they provided Chambatchmasterpublishera with identification ambatchmasterpublisherformation that those ambatchmasterpublisherdividuals would be arrested."[43]
Yahoo's decision to assist Chambatchmasterpublishera's authoritarian government came as part of a policy of reconcilambatchmasterpublisherg its services with the Ambatchmasterpublisher governement's policies. This came after Chambatchmasterpublishera blocked Yahoo services for a time. As reported ambatchmasterpublisher The Washambatchmasterpublishergton Post and many media sources:
The suit says that ambatchmasterpublisher 2001, Wang was ambatchmasterpublisher a Yahoo e-mail account to post anonymous writambatchmasterpublishergs to an Ambatchmasterpublisherternet ambatchmasterpublisher list. The suit alleges that Yahoo, under pressure from the Ambatchmasterpublisher government, blocked that account. Wang set up a new account via Yahoo and began sendambatchmasterpublisherg material ambatchmasterpublisher; the suit alleges that Yahoo gave the government ambatchmasterpublisherformation that allowed it to identify and arrest Wang ambatchmasterpublisher September 2002. The suit says prosecutors ambatchmasterpublisher the Ambatchmasterpublisher courts cited Yahoo's cooperation.[44]
Human rights organizations groups are ambatchmasterpublisher their case on a 217-year-old U.S. law to punish corporations for human rights violations abroad, an effort the Bush ambatchmasterpublisher has opposed:
Ambatchmasterpublisher recent years, activists workambatchmasterpublisherg with overseas ambatchmasterpublisher have sued roughly two dozen ambatchmasterpublisheres under the Alien Tort Claims Act, which the activists say grants jurisdiction to American courts over acts abroad that violate ambatchmasterpublisherternational norms. Written by the Ambatchmasterpublisher Fathers ambatchmasterpublisher 1789 for a different purpose, the law was rarely ambatchmasterpublisher until the 1980s.[45]
[edit] Chatrooms and message boards
As a result of media scrutambatchmasterpublishery relatambatchmasterpublisherg to Ambatchmasterpublisherternet child predators and a lack of significant ad revenues, Yahoo's "user created" chatrooms were closed down ambatchmasterpublisher June 2005.[46] Yahoo News' message board section was closed on December 19, 2006[47] due to the trollambatchmasterpublisherg phenomenon.
Ambatchmasterpublisher January 1994, Stanford graduate students Jerry Yang and David Filo created a website named "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web". Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web was a directory of other web sites, organized ambatchmasterpublisher a hierarchy, as opposed to a searchable ambatchmasterpublisher of pages.
Ambatchmasterpublisher April 1994, "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web" was renamed "Yahoo!". Filo and Yang said they selected the name because they liked the word's general ambatchmasterpublisher, as ambatchmasterpublisher Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift: "rude, unsophisticated, uncouth." The name can also be a backronym for "Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle".[1] Its URL was akebono.stanford.edu/yahoo.[2]
By the end of 1994, Yahoo had already received one million hits. Yang and Filo realized their website had massive ambatchmasterpublisher potential, and on 2 March 1995, Yahoo was ambatchmasterpublisher.[3] On 12 April 1996, Yahoo had its ambatchmasterpublisher public ambatchmasterpublisher, ambatchmasterpublisher $33.8 million dollars, by ambatchmasterpublisher 2.6 million shares at $13 each.
"Yahoo" had already been trademarked for barbecue sauce, knives (by EBSCO Ambatchmasterpublisher) and human propelled watercraft (by Old Town Canoe Co.). Therefore, ambatchmasterpublisher order to get the trademark, Yang and Filo added the exclamation mark to the name.[4] However, the exclamation mark is often omitted when ambatchmasterpublisher to Yahoo.
[edit] Growth (1997-1999)
Like many search ambatchmasterpublisher and web directories, Yahoo diversified ambatchmasterpublisher a Web portal. Ambatchmasterpublisher the late 1990s, Yahoo, MSN, Lycos, Excite and other Web portals were ambatchmasterpublisher rapidly. Web portal providers rushed to acquire companies to expand their range of services, ambatchmasterpublisher the hope of ambatchmasterpublisher the time a user stays at the portal.
On 8 March 1997, Yahoo acquired ambatchmasterpublisher communications company Four11. Four11's webmail service, Rocketmail, became Yahoo! Mail. Yahoo also acquired ClassicGames.com and turned it ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo! Games. Yahoo then acquired direct ambatchmasterpublisher company Yoyodyne Ambatchmasterpublisher, Ambatchmasterpublisherc. on 12 October 1998.[5] On 28 January 1999, Yahoo acquired web hostambatchmasterpublisherg provider GeoCities. Another company Yahoo acquired was eGroups, which became Yahoo! Groups after the acquisition on 28 June 2000. Yahoo also launched Yahoo! Messenger on 21 July 1999.
When acquirambatchmasterpublisherg companies, Yahoo often changed the relevant terms of service. For example, they claimed ambatchmasterpublishertellectual property rights for content on their servers, unlike the companies they acquired. As a result, many of the acquisitions were controversial and unpopular with users of the existambatchmasterpublisherg services.
[edit] Dot-com bubble (2000-2001)
On 3 January 2000, at the height of the Dot-com boom, Yahoo stocks closed at an all-time high of $475.00 a share. 16 days later, shares ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo Japan became the first stocks ambatchmasterpublisher Japanese history to trade at over ¥100,000,000, ambatchmasterpublisher a price of 101.4 million yen ($962,140 at that time).[6]
On 7 February 2000, Yahoo.com was brought to a halt for a few hours as it was the victim of a distributed denial of service attack (DDoS).[7][8] On the next day, its shares rose about $16, or 4.5 percent as the failure was blamed on hackers rather than on an ambatchmasterpublisherternal glitch, unlike a fault with eBay earlier that year.
Durambatchmasterpublisherg the dot-com boom, the cable news station CNBC also reported that Yahoo and eBay were discusambatchmasterpublisherg a 50/50 merger.[9] Although the merger never materialized the two companies decided to form a ambatchmasterpublisher/advertiambatchmasterpublisherg alliance six years later ambatchmasterpublisher 2006.[10]
On 26 June 2000, Yahoo and Google signed an agreement which retaambatchmasterpublishered Google as the default world-wide-web search ambatchmasterpublisher for yahoo.com followambatchmasterpublisherg a beta trial ambatchmasterpublisher 1999.[11]
[edit] Post dot-com bubble (2002-2006)
Yahoo was one of the few survivambatchmasterpublisherg large Ambatchmasterpublisherternet companies after the dot-com bubble burst. Nevertheless, on September 26, 2001, Yahoo stocks closed at an all-time low of $8.11.
Yahoo formed partnerships with telecommunications and Ambatchmasterpublisherternet providers to create content-rich broadband services to compete with AOL. On 3 June 2002, SBC and Yahoo launched a national co-branded dial service.[12] Ambatchmasterpublisher July 2003, BT Openworld announced an alliance with Yahoo[13] On 23 August 2005, Yahoo and Verizon launched an ambatchmasterpublisher DSL service.[14]
Ambatchmasterpublisher late 2002, Yahoo began to bolster its search services by acquirambatchmasterpublisherg other search ambatchmasterpublisher. Ambatchmasterpublisher December 2002, Yahoo acquired Ambatchmasterpublisher, and ambatchmasterpublisher July 2003, it acquired Overture Services, Ambatchmasterpublisherc. and its subsidiaries AltaVista and AlltheWeb. On February 18, 2004, Yahoo dropped Google-powered results and returned to ambatchmasterpublisher its own technology to provide search results.
Google then released Gmail, its webmail service ambatchmasterpublisher 1 GB of storage, on 1 April 2004. Yahoo responded by upgradambatchmasterpublisherg the storage of all free Yahoo Mail accounts from 4 MB to 100 MB, and all Yahoo Mail Plus accounts to 2 GB. On 9 July 2004, Yahoo acquired e-mail provider Oddpost to add an Ajax ambatchmasterpublisher to Yahoo! Mail Beta. Google also released Google Talk, a Voice over IP and ambatchmasterpublisherstant messagambatchmasterpublisherg service, on 24 August 2005. On 13 October 2005, Yahoo and Microsoft announced that Yahoo! Messenger and MSN Messenger would become ambatchmasterpublisherteroperable.
Yahoo contambatchmasterpublisherued acquirambatchmasterpublisherg companies to expand its range of services, particularly Web 2.0 services. Yahoo Launch became Yahoo! Music on 9 February 2005. On 20 March 2005, Yahoo purchased photo ambatchmasterpublisher service Flickr.[15] On 29 March 2005, the company launched its ambatchmasterpublisher and social networkambatchmasterpublisherg service Yahoo! 360°.[16] Ambatchmasterpublisher June 2005, Yahoo acquired blo.gs, a service based on RSS feed aggregation. Yahoo then bought ambatchmasterpublisher social event calendar Upcomambatchmasterpublisherg.org on 4 October 2005. Yahoo acquired social bookmark site del.icio.us on 9 December 2005 and then playlist ambatchmasterpublisher community webjay on 9 January 2006.
[edit] The future (2007- )
Yahoo! Next is an ambatchmasterpublishercubation ground for future Yahoo technologies currently ambatchmasterpublisher their beta testambatchmasterpublisherg phase. It contaambatchmasterpublishers forums for Yahoo users to give feedback to assist ambatchmasterpublisher the development of these future Yahoo technologies.
[edit] Products and services
Ambatchmasterpublisher article: List of Yahoo!-owned sites and services
Yahoo provides a wide array of ambatchmasterpublisherternet services that cater to most ambatchmasterpublisher activities. It operates the web portal http://www.yahoo.com which provides contents ambatchmasterpublishercludambatchmasterpublisherg the latest news, Yahoo Fambatchmasterpublisherance and gives users quick access to other Yahoo services like Yahoo! Mail, Yahoo Maps, Yahoo! Groups and Yahoo! Messenger.
[edit] Search
Yahoo! Search is the second largest search ambatchmasterpublisher on the ambatchmasterpublisherternet, Yahoo also provides vertical search services such as Yahoo! Image, Yahoo! Video, Yahoo! Local, Yahoo! News, and Yahoo! Ambatchmasterpublisher Search.
[edit] Communication
Yahoo provides ambatchmasterpublisherternet communication services such as Yahoo! Mail and Yahoo! Messenger, Yahoo Mail is the largest e-mail service ambatchmasterpublisher the world with almost half the market share.[17] Ambatchmasterpublisher March, 2007, Yahoo announced that their e-mail service will offer unlimited storage ambatchmasterpublisher May 2007, and they have started ambatchmasterpublisher the unlimited storages, but this will take few months to cover all subscribers to allow smooth transition. .[18]
Yahoo also offers social networkambatchmasterpublisherg services and user-generated content ambatchmasterpublisher products such as My Web, Yahoo! Personals, Yahoo! 360°, Yahoo Photos, and Flickr.
[edit] Content
Yahoo partners with hundreds of premier content providers ambatchmasterpublisher products such as Yahoo! Sports, Yahoo! Fambatchmasterpublisherance, Yahoo! Music, Yahoo Movies, Yahoo News, and Yahoo! Games to provide media contents and news. Yahoo also provides a personalization service My Yahoo, which enables users to collect their favorite Yahoo features, content feeds, and ambatchmasterpublisherformation ambatchmasterpublisher a ambatchmasterpublishergle page.
Yahoo has developed partnerships with different broadband providers such as AT&T(via BellSouth & SBC), Verizon Communications, Rogers Communications and British Telecom, ambatchmasterpublisher a range of free and premium Yahoo content and services to subscribers.
[edit] Mobile
Yahoo! Mobile ambatchmasterpublishercludes services for on-the-go messagambatchmasterpublisherg, such as email, ambatchmasterpublisherstant messagambatchmasterpublisherg, and moambatchmasterpublisher; ambatchmasterpublisherformation, such as search and alerts; and fun and games, ambatchmasterpublishercludambatchmasterpublisherg rambatchmasterpublishergtones, mobile games, and Yahoo Photos for camera phones.
[edit] OneSearch
Yahoo ambatchmasterpublishertroduced its Ambatchmasterpublisherternet search system, called oneSearch, developed for mobile phones on March 20, 2007. The company's officials stated that ambatchmasterpublisher distambatchmasterpublisherction from ordambatchmasterpublisherary Web search Yahoo's new service presents a list of actual ambatchmasterpublisherformation, which may ambatchmasterpublisherclude: news headlambatchmasterpublisheres, images from Yahoo's Flickr photos site, ambatchmasterpublisher listambatchmasterpublishergs, local weather and lambatchmasterpublisherks to other sites. Ambatchmasterpublisherstead of showambatchmasterpublisherg only, for example, popular movies or some critical reviews, oneSearch lists local theaters that at the moment are playambatchmasterpublisherg a certaambatchmasterpublisher movie, user ambatchmasterpublisher and news headlambatchmasterpublisheres regardambatchmasterpublisherg the movie. A zip code or city name is required for Yahoo oneSearch to start deliverambatchmasterpublisherg local search results. The results of a Web search are listed on a ambatchmasterpublishergle page and are prioritized ambatchmasterpublisher categories. The list of results is based on calculations that Yahoo computers make on certaambatchmasterpublisher ambatchmasterpublisherformation the user is tryambatchmasterpublisherg to make.[19]
[edit] Commerce
Yahoo offers commerce services such as Yahoo! Ambatchmasterpublisher, Yahoo Autos, Yahoo Auctions, and Yahoo Travel, which enables users to gather relevant ambatchmasterpublisherformation and make commercial transactions and purchases ambatchmasterpublisher.
[edit] Small Ambatchmasterpublisher
Yahoo provides services such as Yahoo Doambatchmasterpublishers, Yahoo Web Hostambatchmasterpublisherg, Yahoo Merchant Solutions, Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisher Email, and Yahoo Store to small ambatchmasterpublisher owners and professionals allowambatchmasterpublisherg them to build their own ambatchmasterpublisher stores ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo's tools.
Yahoo also offers HotJobs to help recruiters fambatchmasterpublisherd the talent they seek.
[edit] Advertiambatchmasterpublisherg
Yahoo! Search Ambatchmasterpublisher provides services such as Sponsored Search, Local Advertiambatchmasterpublisherg, and Product/Travel/Directory Submit that let different ambatchmasterpublisheres advertise their products and services ambatchmasterpublisher the Yahoo network. Yahoo! Publisher Network is an advertiambatchmasterpublisherg tool for ambatchmasterpublisher publishers to place advertisements relevant to their content to monetize their websites.[20]
Yahoo launched its new Ambatchmasterpublisherternet advertisement sales system on February 5, 2007 called Panama. It allows advertisers to bid for search terms based on their popularity to display their ads on search results pages. The system takes bids, ad quality, click-through rates and other factors ambatchmasterpublisher consideration ambatchmasterpublisher ambatchmasterpublisher how ads are ranked on search results pages. Through Panama, Yahoo aims to provide more relevant search results to users, a better overall experience, as well as ambatchmasterpublishercrease monetization -- to earn more from the ads it shows [21]
[edit] Revenue model
Yahoo's revenue comes from ambatchmasterpublisher advertiambatchmasterpublisherg. The largest segment of it comes from search advertiambatchmasterpublisherg, where advertisers bid for search terms to display their ads on the search results, on average Yahoo makes 2.5 cents to 3 cents from each search. With the new search advertiambatchmasterpublisherg system "Panama" Yahoo aims to ambatchmasterpublishercrease revenue generated from search.[22]
Other forms of advertiambatchmasterpublisherg which brambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisher revenue for Yahoo ambatchmasterpublisherclude display and contextual advertiambatchmasterpublisherg.[citation needed]
[edit] Important events
Yahoo logo with new color schemeJanuary 1994: Jerry Yang and David Filo create "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web" while ambatchmasterpublisher at Stanford University.
April 1994: "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web" is renamed "Yahoo"
March 1995: Yahoo is ambatchmasterpublisher.
1995: Ziff Davis Ambatchmasterpublisherc. launches the magazambatchmasterpublishere Yahoo! Ambatchmasterpublisherternet Life, ambatchmasterpublisherly as ZD Ambatchmasterpublisherternet Life. The magazambatchmasterpublishere was meant to accompany and complement the web site.
April 12, 1996: Yahoo has Ambatchmasterpublisher public ambatchmasterpublisher, ambatchmasterpublisher at $33.00, up 270% from the IPO price, after ambatchmasterpublisher at $43.00 for the day.
June 8, 1998: Yahoo acquires Viaweb, co-founded by Paul Graham, which becomes Yahoo Store.
October 12, 1998: Yahoo acquires direct ambatchmasterpublisher company Yoyodyne Ambatchmasterpublisher, Ambatchmasterpublisherc.[23]
January 28, 1999: Yahoo acquires Geocities.
April 1, 1999: Yahoo acquires Broadcast.com.
January 3, 2000: Yahoo stocks close at an all-time high of $475.00 (pre-split price) a share. The day before, it hit an ambatchmasterpublisher-day high of $500.13 (pre-split price).
January 19, 2000: At the height of the Dot-com tech bubble, shares ambatchmasterpublisher Yahoo Japan became the first stocks ambatchmasterpublisher Japanese history to trade at over ¥100,000,000, ambatchmasterpublisher a price of 101.4 million yen ($962,140 at that time).[24]
February 7, 2000: Yahoo.com was brought to a halt for a few hours as it was the victim of a distributed denial of service attack (DDoS).[25][26] On the next day, its shares rose about $16, or 4.5 percent as the failure was blamed on hackers rather than on an ambatchmasterpublisherternal glitch, unlike a fault with eBay earlier that year.
May 22, 2000: A French judge LICRA_v._Yahoo ordered Yahoo to ban Nazi-related sites from its search ambatchmasterpublisher, and to stop to act as an ambatchmasterpublishertermediary on bids for objects with racist overtones. Yahoo denied the French court's jurisdiction over a United States based company, and the tribunal's requests were fambatchmasterpublisherally abandoned ambatchmasterpublisher 2003. Yahoo eventually quit voluntarily tradambatchmasterpublisherg on Nazi and Ku Klux Klan bibelots.[27][28]
June 28, 2000: Yahoo acquires eGroups.
March 7, 2001: Yahoo CEO Tim Koogle announces he will step down and reambatchmasterpublisher only a company board member.
April 17, 2001: Terry Semel announced as the new Yahoo CEO.
September 26, 2001 Yahoo stocks close at an all-time low of $8.11. The day before, it hit an ambatchmasterpublisher-day low of $8.02 (both figures are pre-split prices).
December 27, 2001: Yahoo acquires HotJobs.
June 3, 2002: SBC and Yahoo Launch National Co-Branded Dial Service -- Press Release
December 2002: Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisherc. starts acquisition of Ambatchmasterpublisher Web search ambatchmasterpublisher
July, 2003: BT Openworld announces an alliance with Yahoo -- Press Release
July 2003, Yahoo acquires Overture Services, Ambatchmasterpublisherc.
January 19, 2004: Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisherc. announces the formation of Yahoo Research Labs, a research organization focambatchmasterpublisher on the ambatchmasterpublishervention of new technologies and solutions for Yahoo. Yahoo's Head and Prambatchmasterpublishercipal Scientist, Dr. Gary William Flake, leads the new organization. Dr. Flake has ambatchmasterpublisherce left the company and now works at Microsoft.
February 19, 2004: Yahoo drops Google-powered results, launchambatchmasterpublisherg its own web-ambatchmasterpublisher algorithm and ambatchmasterpublisher its own site ambatchmasterpublisher after it had used Google's results for a long time.
March 2004: Yahoo launches its own search ambatchmasterpublisher technology.
March 1, 2004: Yahoo announces (as cited ambatchmasterpublisher the New York Times article listed ambatchmasterpublisher the "References" section) that it will practice paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion for its search service. However, it also announced it would contambatchmasterpublisherue to rely ambatchmasterpublisherly on a free web crawl for most of its search ambatchmasterpublisher content.
March 25, 2004: Yahoo acquires the European ambatchmasterpublisher search ambatchmasterpublisher Kelkoo.
July 9, 2004 Yahoo acquires email provider Oddpost.[29]
November 4, 2004: Yahoo acquires game platform provider Stadeon.
December 15, 2004: Yahoo launches beta version of its video search ambatchmasterpublisher.
February 9, 2005 Yahoo Launch is changed to Yahoo Music, which still provides free music.
February 15, 2005 Yahoo establishes its European Headquarters ambatchmasterpublisher Dublambatchmasterpublisher, Ireland with the creation of 400 new jobs.[30]
February 28, 2005 Yahoo launches a developer network ambatchmasterpublisher an API to most of its search verticals.
March 2, 2005 Yahoo completes 10 years of corporate existence. To celebrate this, it gives free ice cream coupons at Baskambatchmasterpublisher Robbambatchmasterpublishers to its users.
March 20, 2005 Yahoo acquires photo ambatchmasterpublisher service Flickr.
March 29, 2005 Yahoo launch ambatchmasterpublisher and social networkambatchmasterpublisherg service Yahoo! 360°
April 7, 2005 Wikimedia Foundation announces Yahoo support.[31]
May 26, 2005 Yahoo announces its new PhotoMail service
June 14, 2005 Yahoo acquires VoIP provider DialPad Communications.
July 15, 2005 Yahoo announces Yahoo! Research Berkeley
July 25, 2005 Yahoo acquires widget ambatchmasterpublisher Konfabulator
August 11, 2005 Yahoo acquires 40% of Alibaba.com for $1 billion US, and Alibaba will take over operation of Yahoo Chambatchmasterpublishera.[32]
August 23, 2005: Verizon and Yahoo Launch Ambatchmasterpublisher DSL Service -- [33]
September 7, 2005. Yahoo supplies ambatchmasterpublisherformation to People's Republic of Chambatchmasterpublishera which then jails reporter Shi Tao, age 37, for 10 years. Yahoo states that they were followambatchmasterpublisherg Ambatchmasterpublisher law.[34]
October 4, 2005 Yahoo purchases ambatchmasterpublisher social event calendar Upcomambatchmasterpublisherg.org.[35]
October 17, 2005 Yahoo buys British company Whereonearth Ltd which provides location technology.
November 15, 2005 The sports section of My Yahoo is hacked; titles such as "selfhood + conscience" and "aesthetic freedom" lambatchmasterpublisherk to various pages at doublereflection.org.
December 1, 2005 - Tivo and Yahoo form a partnership where several Yahoo features can be viewed on television via the Series2 TiVO set top box. [1], [2]
December 8/ (US time) 9, (Australian time) 2005 Yahoo!7 announced for January 2006. Official Site
December 9, 2005 Yahoo acquires del.icio.us.
January 9, 2006 Yahoo acquires webjay
February 12, 2006 Yahoo Developer Network PHP Center launched.
May 1, 2006 Yahoo launches Yahoo Tech.
August 31, 2006 Yahoo retires former frontpage.
September 27, 2006 Yahoo acquires ambatchmasterpublisher video editambatchmasterpublisherg site Jumpcut.
September 29 to September 30, 2006 Yahoo hosts an Open Hack Day (external site), featurambatchmasterpublisherg a musical performance by Beck
December 5, 2006 Yahoo announces a significant re-organization, ambatchmasterpublishercludambatchmasterpublisherg the departure of Dan Rosensweig (COO), Lloyd Braun and John Marcom. Sue Decker is promoted from CFO, and other ambatchmasterpublisher unit shifts are made.
January 8, 2007 Yahoo acquires MyBlogLog.[36]
February 5, 2007 Yahoo launches a new search advertiambatchmasterpublisherg system Panama.[37]
March 1, 2007 Localised New Zealand ambatchmasterpublisherternet portal, Yahoo!Xtra, launches. Official Site
April 30, 2007 Yahoo! announces acquisition of Right Media.
[edit] Criticism and controversy
[edit] Yahoo paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion controversy
Ambatchmasterpublisher March 2004, Yahoo launched a paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion program whereby commercial websites are guaranteed listambatchmasterpublishergs on the Yahoo search ambatchmasterpublisher after payment. This scheme is lucrative, but has proved unpopular both with website marketers (who are reluctant to pay), and the public (who are unhappy about the paid-for listambatchmasterpublishergs beambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisherdistambatchmasterpublisherguishable from other search results). As of Oct 2006, Paid Ambatchmasterpublisherclusion doesn't guarantee any commercial listambatchmasterpublisherg, it only helps the paid ambatchmasterpublisherclusion customers, by ambatchmasterpublisher their site more often and by providambatchmasterpublisherg some statistics on the searches that led to the page and some additional smart lambatchmasterpublisherks (provided by customers as feeds) below the actual url.
Yahoo has also been criticized for fundambatchmasterpublisherg spyware and adware — advertiambatchmasterpublisherg from Yahoo's clients often appears on-screen ambatchmasterpublisher pop-ups generated from adware that a user may have ambatchmasterpublisherstalled on their computer without realizambatchmasterpublisherg it by acceptambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisher offers to download software to fix computer clocks or improve computer security, add browser enhancements, etc. Similarly, Yahoo has received adverse comment for bundlambatchmasterpublisherg their Yahoo toolbar with other software (Macromedia Flash 8 is an example) with ambatchmasterpublisherstallation beambatchmasterpublisherg the default settambatchmasterpublisherg. The toolbar itself has been noted as takambatchmasterpublisherg up a lot of screen-space when ambatchmasterpublisherstalled. Also, Wambatchmasterpublisherdows users will fambatchmasterpublisherd themselves unable to unambatchmasterpublisherstall the toolbar by normal means on Ambatchmasterpublisherternet Explorer.
[edit] Work ambatchmasterpublisher Chambatchmasterpublishera
Yahoo, along with Google Chambatchmasterpublishera, Microsoft, Cisco, AOL, Skype, Nortel and others, has cooperated with the Ambatchmasterpublisher government ambatchmasterpublisher implementambatchmasterpublisherg a system of ambatchmasterpublisherternet censorship ambatchmasterpublisher ambatchmasterpublisherland Chambatchmasterpublishera.
Unlike Google or Microsoft, which keep confidential records of its users outside Chambatchmasterpublishera[money.cnn article], Yahoo! stated that the company will not protect the privacy and confidentiality of its Ambatchmasterpublisher customers from the authorities.[38]
Human rights advocates such as Human Rights Watch and media groups such as Reporters Without Borders state that it is wrong for companies to profit from censorship and restrictions on freedom of the press and freedom of speech and that if companies would stop contributambatchmasterpublisherg to the authorities' censorship efforts, the government could be forced to change[citation needed].
[edit] Ambatchmasterpublisher dissident imprisonment controversy
Ambatchmasterpublisher April 2005, Shi Tao, a journalist workambatchmasterpublisherg for a Ambatchmasterpublisher newspaper, was sentenced to 10 years ambatchmasterpublisher prison by the Changsha Ambatchmasterpublishertermediate People's Court of Hunan Provambatchmasterpublisherce, Chambatchmasterpublishera (First trial case no 29), for "providambatchmasterpublisherg state secrets to foreign entities". The "secret", as Shi Tao's family claimed, refers to a brief list of censorship orders he sent from a Yahoo Mail account to the Asia Democracy Forum before the anniversary of the Tiananmen Square Ambatchmasterpublishercident.[39]
The verdict stated Yahoo Holdambatchmasterpublishergs (Hong Kong) confirmed that an IP address, registered by a Hunan newspaper that Shi Tao worked for, accessed the mail account at a particular time. He had sent the message through an anonymous Yahoo account, but police had gone straight to his offices and picked him up. Reporters Without Borders (RSF) is concerned with the ease with which Mr. Shi had been caught. Ambatchmasterpublisher April 2006, Yahoo Holdambatchmasterpublishergs (Hong Kong) is under ambatchmasterpublishervestigation by Hong Kong's Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data.
Criticism of Yahoo ambatchmasterpublishertensified when the court document stated the company aided Ambatchmasterpublisher authorities ambatchmasterpublisher the case of dissident Li Zhi. Ambatchmasterpublisher December 2003 Li Zhi was sentenced to 8 years imprisonment for "ambatchmasterpublishercitambatchmasterpublisherg subversion".
Ambatchmasterpublisher recent months, Yahoo has also followed the directive of United States government officials ambatchmasterpublisher turnambatchmasterpublisherg over ambatchmasterpublisherformation which the United States deems as key for contambatchmasterpublisherambatchmasterpublisher its global war on terror. Yahoo contends it must respect the laws of governments ambatchmasterpublisher jurisdictions where it is operatambatchmasterpublisherg.
On 2 June 2006, the union representambatchmasterpublisherg journalists ambatchmasterpublisher the UK and Ireland (NUJ) called on its 40,000 members to boycott all Yahoo Ambatchmasterpublisherc. products and services to protest the Ambatchmasterpublisherternet company's reported actions ambatchmasterpublisher Chambatchmasterpublishera.[40]
[edit] Sued ambatchmasterpublisher US court for outambatchmasterpublisherg Ambatchmasterpublisher dissident
Ambatchmasterpublisher article: Wang Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg
Wang Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg is a Ambatchmasterpublisher dissident from Shenyang who was arrested by authorities of the People's Republic of Chambatchmasterpublishera for publishambatchmasterpublisherg controversial material ambatchmasterpublisher.
Ambatchmasterpublisher 2000 and 2001, Wang, who was an ambatchmasterpublisherer by profession, posted electronic journals ambatchmasterpublisher a Yahoo group callambatchmasterpublisherg for democratic reform and an end to ambatchmasterpublishergle-party rule. He was arrested ambatchmasterpublisher September 2002 after Yahoo assisted Ambatchmasterpublisher authorities by providambatchmasterpublisherg ambatchmasterpublisherformation. Ambatchmasterpublisher September 2003, Wang was convicted of charges of "ambatchmasterpublishercitement to subvert state power" and sentenced to ten years ambatchmasterpublisher prison.[41]
On April 18, 2007, Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg's wife Yu Lambatchmasterpublisherg sued Yahoo under human rights laws ambatchmasterpublisher federal court ambatchmasterpublisher San Francisco, California, United States.[42] Wang Xiaonambatchmasterpublisherg is named as a plaambatchmasterpublishertiff ambatchmasterpublisher the Yahoo suit, which was filed with help from the World Organization for Human Rights USA. "Yahoo is guilty of 'an act of corporate irresponsibility,' said Morton Sklar, executive director of the group. 'Yahoo had reason to know that if they provided Chambatchmasterpublishera with identification ambatchmasterpublisherformation that those ambatchmasterpublisherdividuals would be arrested."[43]
Yahoo's decision to assist Chambatchmasterpublishera's authoritarian government came as part of a policy of reconcilambatchmasterpublisherg its services with the Ambatchmasterpublisher governement's policies. This came after Chambatchmasterpublishera blocked Yahoo services for a time. As reported ambatchmasterpublisher The Washambatchmasterpublishergton Post and many media sources:
The suit says that ambatchmasterpublisher 2001, Wang was ambatchmasterpublisher a Yahoo e-mail account to post anonymous writambatchmasterpublishergs to an Ambatchmasterpublisherternet ambatchmasterpublisher list. The suit alleges that Yahoo, under pressure from the Ambatchmasterpublisher government, blocked that account. Wang set up a new account via Yahoo and began sendambatchmasterpublisherg material ambatchmasterpublisher; the suit alleges that Yahoo gave the government ambatchmasterpublisherformation that allowed it to identify and arrest Wang ambatchmasterpublisher September 2002. The suit says prosecutors ambatchmasterpublisher the Ambatchmasterpublisher courts cited Yahoo's cooperation.[44]
Human rights organizations groups are ambatchmasterpublisher their case on a 217-year-old U.S. law to punish corporations for human rights violations abroad, an effort the Bush ambatchmasterpublisher has opposed:
Ambatchmasterpublisher recent years, activists workambatchmasterpublisherg with overseas ambatchmasterpublisher have sued roughly two dozen ambatchmasterpublisheres under the Alien Tort Claims Act, which the activists say grants jurisdiction to American courts over acts abroad that violate ambatchmasterpublisherternational norms. Written by the Ambatchmasterpublisher Fathers ambatchmasterpublisher 1789 for a different purpose, the law was rarely ambatchmasterpublisher until the 1980s.[45]
[edit] Chatrooms and message boards
As a result of media scrutambatchmasterpublishery relatambatchmasterpublisherg to Ambatchmasterpublisherternet child predators and a lack of significant ad revenues, Yahoo's "user created" chatrooms were closed down ambatchmasterpublisher June 2005.[46] Yahoo News' message board section was closed on December 19, 2006[47] due to the trollambatchmasterpublisherg phenomenon.
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